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National League 1, (which was known before September 2009 as National Division Two), is the third level of domestic rugby union competition in England. It was known as Courage League National Division Three when founded in 1987.[1] This is the lowest level of the English rugby union league system which is nationwide. The league includes promotion for the league champion to the RFU Championship (the former National Division One) and relegation to National League 2 North or National League 2 South (formerly National Division Three North and South). The league previously consisted of fourteen semi-professional clubs, but from 2009–10 increased to sixteen after league restructuring. With the Rugby Football Union league restructuring proposals in 2008, only one team was promoted to the new RFU Championship. There were also four relegated from the division, rising from three who moved down to the new National League 2 North or National League 2 South.
When the club system was introduced in 1987 the division was known as Division 3. Ten years later the league was restructured and the Premiership was introduced, which consisted of the top two divisions. Therefore, National 3 became the top league outside of the Premiership structure, and was renamed as National 1. In 2000–01 the Premiership was reduced to a single division and National 1 was renamed National 2. However, the 2009 restructure once again made the third tier the top flight of the national leagues following the formation of the Championship and once again the league became known as National 1.
At the end of the 2013–14 season, Doncaster won promotion back to the RFU Championship after a single season at this level. In a similar fashion, Ealing's tenure in the Championship was equally short-lived. The three newly promoted teams at the start of the season – Henley Hawks , Worthing Raiders and Hull Ionians – were demoted straight back to National League 2 South or North.
When the league system was formed in 1987, the following teams participated in the league, which was known as National 3. Twenty-seven years on only one team, Fylde, is currently playing at this level.
National League 2 South, Birmingham & Solihull R.F.C., National League 1, Stourbridge R.F.C., Greater Manchester
English Premiership (rugby union), Bristol Rugby, Worcester Warriors, London Welsh RFC, Rugby Lions
United Kingdom, City of London, Paris, Greater London, Australia
Harlequin F.C., England, National League 1, Hersham, Surrey, English rugby union system
RFU Championship, English Premiership (rugby union), National League 1, National League 2 South, National League 2 North
National Division Two, England, National Division Two, English Rugby Union Leagues, National League 1