Global cuisine

An animated, color-coded map showing the various continents. Depending on the convention and model, some continents may be consolidated or subdivided: for example, Eurasia is often subdivided into Europe and Asia (red shades), while North and South America are sometimes recognized as one American continent (green shades).

A global cuisine is a cuisine that is practiced around the world. A cuisine is a characteristic style of cooking practices and traditions,^[1] often associated with a specific region, country^[2] or culture. To become a global cuisine, a local, regional or national cuisine must spread around the world, its food served world-wide. There have been significant improvements and advances during the last century in food preservation, storage, shipping and production, and today many countries, cities and regions have access to their traditional cuisines and many other global cuisines.

Asia

East Asia

China

Chinese food in Sweden

Chinese cuisine has become widespread throughout many other parts of the world — from Asia to the Americas, Australia, Western Europe and Southern Africa. In recent years, connoisseurs of Chinese cuisine have also sprouted in Eastern Europe and South Asia. American Chinese cuisine and Canadian Chinese food are popular examples of local varieties. Local ingredients would be adopted while maintaining the style and preparation technique.

Traditional Chinese cuisines include Anhui, Cantonese, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Szechuan, and Zhejiang,^[3] all of which are defined and termed per the respective regions within China where they developed. These regional cuisines are sometimes referred to as the "eight culinary traditions of China." A number of different styles contribute to Chinese cuisine, but perhaps the best known and most influential are the Szechuan, Shandong, Jiangsu and Guangdong cuisines.^[4][5] These styles are distinctive from one another due to factors such as available resources, climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Many Chinese traditional regional cuisines rely on basic methods of food preservation such as drying, salting, pickling and fermentation.^[6]

South Asia

India

Further information: Outline of Indian cuisines and List of Indian dishes

Indian cuisine in the United Kingdom

Indian cuisine has contributed to shaping the history of international relations; the spice trade between India and Europe is often cited by historians as the primary catalyst for Europe's Age of Discovery.^[7] Spices were bought from India and traded around Europe and Asia. It has also influenced other cuisines across the world, especially those from Southeast Asia, the British Isles and the Caribbean.^[8][9]

Indian cuisine consists of the foods and dishes of India (and to some extent neighboring countries), is characterized by the extensive use of various Indian spices^[10] and vegetables grown across India, herbs,^[10] vegetables^[10] and fruits, and is also known for the widespread practice of vegetarianism in Indian society. Indian regional cuisine is primarily categorized at the regional level, but also at provincial levels. Cuisine differences derive from various local cultures, geographical locations (whether a region is close to the sea, desert or the mountains), and economics. Indian cuisine is also seasonal, and utilizes fresh produce.

The cuisine of India is very diverse with each state having an entirely different food platter. The development of these cuisines have been shaped by Hindu and Jain beliefs, in particular vegetarianism which is a common dietary trend in Indian society. There has also been Islamic influence from the years of Mughal and Delhi Sultanate rule, as well as Persian interactions on North Indian and Deccani cuisine.Indian cuisine has been and is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies. Historical incidents such as foreign invasions, trade relations and colonialism have also played an important role in introducing certain food types and eating habits to the country. For instance, potato, a staple of North Indian diet was brought to India by the Portuguese, who also introduced chillies and breadfruit among other things.Indian cuisine has also shaped the history of international relations; the spice trade between India and Europe is often cited by historians as the primary catalyst for Europe's Age of Discovery. Spices were bought from India and traded in exchange for rubber and opium from Malacca. It has also influenced other cuisines across the world, especially those from Southeast Asia, the British Isles and the Caribbean.

Australia

• Australian cuisine ^[11]

Europe

French Cafés often offer Croissants for breakfast.

Pretzels are especially common in Southern Germany.

Western Europe

• Haute cuisine
• Nouvelle cuisine

North America

United States

Food courts often offer several global cuisines.

American cuisine is a style of food preparation originating from the United States of America. European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter. The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many foreign nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country. Native American cuisine includes all food practices of the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Modern-day native peoples retain a rich body of traditional foods, some of which have become iconic of present-day Native American social gatherings.

See also

Cuisines by continent

• List of cuisines

• List of African cuisines
• List of Asian cuisines
• List of cuisines of the Americas
• List of European cuisines
• List of Oceanian cuisines

Related topics

References

Further reading

• Albala, Ken (2011.) Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-37626-9
• Zobel, Myron (1962.) "Global cuisine: being the unique recipes of the 84 top restaurants of the world." Patron Press.
• California Culinary Academy (2001). In the World Kitchen: Global Cuisine from California Culinary Academy. Bay Books (CA). ISBN 1-57959-506-5.
• Cheung, Sidney; Tan, Chee-Beng (2007). Food and Foodways in Asia: Resource, Tradition and Cooking. Routledge. pp. 201–209. ISBN 0203947126
• MacVeigh, Jeremy (2008). International Cuisine. Delmar Cengage Learning; 1st edition. ISBN 1-4180-4965-4.
• Nenes, Michael F; Robbins, Joe (2008). International Cuisine. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, John & Sons; 1st edition. ISBN 0-470-05240-6.
• Scarparto, Rosario (2000.) "New global cuisine: the perspective of postmodern gastronomy studies." Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology.

External links

• The Global Gastronomer: Cuisines of the World
• Wikibooks Cookbook

African cuisine List of African dishes National cuisines Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Democratic Republic of the Congo Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Ghana Côte d'Ivoire Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Ethnic and regional cuisines Arab cuisine Jewish cuisine Mediterranean cuisine North African cuisine West African cuisine Category

Middle Eastern cuisine Bahrain Cyprus Egypt Iran Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Palestine Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen (South Yemen)

Latin American cuisine Middle America Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama Caribbean Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Grenada Haiti Jamaica Puerto Rico1 St. Kitts and Nevis St. Lucia St. Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago South America Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela Dependencies not included.    1 Defined as a semi-autonomous territory.

Wine by country Africa Algeria Egypt Morocco Namibia South Africa Tunisia America North Canada Mexico United States South Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Peru Uruguay Asia China India Iran Israel Japan Lebanon Vietnam Europe Albania Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark France Germany Georgia Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Liechtenstein Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Montenegro Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom Oceania Australia New Zealand

Meals Common meals Breakfast Brunch Lunch Tea Dinner Supper Components & courses Amuse-bouche Hors d'oeuvre Dessert Entrée Entremet Main course Side dish Related concepts Banquet Buffet Cuisine Drink Eating Table manners Food Global cuisines Outline of cuisines Snack