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A condiment is a spice, sauce or other food preparation that is added to foods to impart a particular flavor, enhance its flavor,[1] or in some cultures, to complement the dish. The term originally described pickled or preserved foods, but has shifted meaning over time.[2]
Many condiments are available packaged in single-serving sachets (packets), like mustard or ketchup, particularly when supplied with take-out or fast-food meals. Condiments are usually applied by the diner. Condiments are sometimes added prior to serving, for example a sandwich made with ketchup or mustard. Some condiments are used during cooking to add flavor or texture to the food; barbecue sauce, teriyaki sauce, soy sauce, marmite are examples.
The term condiment comes from the Latin condimentum, meaning "spice, seasoning, sauce" and from the Latin condere, meaning "preserve, pickle, season".[3]
The exact definition of what is and isn't a condiment varies. Some definitions include spice and herbs, including salt and pepper,[4] using the term interchangeably with seasoning.[5] Others restrict the definition to including only "prepared food compound[s], containing one or more spices", which are added to food after the cooking process, such as mustard, ketchup or mint sauce.[6] Contrary to popular belief cranberries or cranberry sauce is not a condiment. However, cranberry jelly should be considered a condiment.
Condiments were known in Ancient Rome, Ancient Greece and Ancient China, and were often used to improve the taste of spoiling food; before food preservation techniques were widespread, pungent spices and condiments were used to make the food more palatable.[7] The Romans made the condiments garum and liquamen by crushing and fermenting in salt with the meat of various fish, leading to a flourishing condiment industry.[8] Apicius, a cookbook based on 4th and 5th century cuisine, contains a section based solely on condiments.[9]
Dijon mustard
Mayonnaise
Tomato ketchup
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Chutneys
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