€2 Commemorative Coins

€2 commemorative coins are special euro coins minted and issued by member states of the eurozone since 2004 as legal tender in all eurozone member states. Only the national obverse sides of the coins differ; the common reverse sides do not. The coins typically commemorate the anniversaries of historical events or draw attention to current events of special importance. In 2007, 2009, 2012 and 2015, there were common commemorative coins with only different national inscriptions. Up to 2014, one hundred and eighty-three variations of €2 commemorative coins have been minted – six in 2004, eight in 2005, seven in 2006, twenty in 2007 (including the thirteen versions of the common issue), ten in 2008, twenty-five in 2009 (including the sixteen versions of the common issue), twelve in 2010, sixteen in 2011, thirty in 2012 (including the seventeen versions of the common issue), twenty-three in 2013 and twenty-six in 2014. Finland, Luxembourg, San Marino and the Vatican City are the only countries to have released at least one national commemorative coin every year. Cyprus, Ireland, Lithuania and Estonia have not minted any national commemorative coins yet.

The number of commemorative coins is limited to two (before 2012 to one) per country per year (in addition to any common issue) and to 5 percent of the total mintage output. Limits on the designs are also in place to ensure uniformity.

The €2 commemorative coins have become collectibles, but are different from commemorative coins with a face value different from €2, which are officially designated as "collector coins" and usually made of precious metals.^[1]

Regulations and restrictions

The basis for the commemorative coins is derived from a decision of the European Council, which allowed changing the national obverse sides of euro coins from 1 January 2004 onwards.^[2] However, a number of recommendations and restrictions still apply.

Two restrictions concern the design. Euro coins must still have a common reverse side, so only the national obverse sides may be varied. Also, the standard national obverse sides per se should not be changed before 2008 at the earliest, unless the head of state depicted on some coins changes before then. (This clause already came into effect for Monaco and the Vatican City, whose heads of state—Rainier III and Pope John Paul II respectively—died in 2005 and whose national obverse sides were changed for 2006.)

Further regulations restrict the frequency and number of commemorative coin issues. Each member state shall only issue one commemorative coin per year, and it shall only be denominated as a €2 coin. The total number of such coins put into circulation per year should not surpass the higher of the following two numbers:^[3]

• 0.1% of the total number of €2 coins put into circulation by all members of the eurozone. This limit can exceptionally be increased to up to 2.0 per cent if the coin commemorates a very important and noteworthy event; in this case, the member state issuing this higher number of coins should refrain from putting any commemorative coins into circulation for the following four years.
• 5.0% of the total number of €2 coins put into circulation by the member state issuing the €2 commemorative coin.

Another decision added two more guidelines regarding the design of the coins. The state issuing a coin should in some way clearly be identified on the obverse side, either by stating the full name or a clearly identifiable abbreviation of it; and neither name nor the denomination of the coin should be repeated on the obverse, as it is already featured on the common reverse side.^[4]

These restrictions do not apply retroactively; only new designs—the national obverse sides for regular issues of states newly joining the euro or of eurozone states which change their design, and €2 commemorative coins issued from 2006 onwards—are subject to them. However, the five countries whose designs violated the first update to the rules (Austria, Belgium, Finland, Germany and Greece) initially were assumed to have to change their design in the future, which Finland did for 2007^[5] and Belgium for 2008.

Another decision changed the rules again:^[6]

• The twelve stars of the European Union surrounding the coin designs need to surround the national design, including year marks and the name of the country. The stars have to appear in the same way as they are aligned on the flag of the European Union. (These recommendations are not currently fulfilled by the Luxembourgish and Slovenian coins.)
• The design of euro coins may not be changed except for two specific circumstances:
  • If a coin design is in violation of the recommendations, it may be updated to bring it into line with them. (This applies to Austria, Germany, Greece, Luxembourg and Slovenia.)
  • If a coin design depicts a head of state, it may be updated:

1. every fifteen years to bring it into line with the head of state's current appearance;
2. if the head of state abdicates or dies. However, temporary heads of state may not be used as a reason for changing the design; instead a €2 commemorative coin (potentially a second €2 commemorative coin) will be allowed to be issued.

• The edge lettering of commemorative coins has to be the same as the one on the regular coins.

Belgium was forced to change its design back to show the original portrait of its monarch, because the 2008 update to follow the recommendations also updated the portrait, which was against the rules. The Belgian coins from 2009 onwards show the original royal portrait of 1999, but otherwise keep the new 2008 coin design as far as the country identification and year mark are concerned. These provisions additionally prohibit further sede vacante sets of coins by the Vatican City, allowing only commemorative coins for such occasions. Spain updated their design from 2010 onwards to meet the new rules, leaving Austria, Germany, Greece, Luxembourg and Slovenia in breach of them still.^[7]

In 2012, the European Council set up new specifications of euro coins and named (in article 1g) a deadline for national sides of regular coins to be updated to fully comply with the current regulation: 20 June 2062.^[8] Also in 2012, a new EU regulation on the issuance of euro coins was concluded, increasing the allowed number of national €2 commemorative coins per year to two.^[9]

Issues

Eighteen countries have independently issued €2 commemorative coins (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, the Netherlands, Portugal, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and the Vatican City), with Greece being the first country to issue this type of coin. Cyprus, Estonia, Ireland and Lithuania are the only Eurozone states which have not independently issued a commemorative €2 coin; the remaining country, Andorra, has announced the issue of a coin dated 2014 but it has not been circulated yet. There have also been four common €2 commemorative coins issued by all eurozone member states:

• 50 years Treaty of Rome in 2007.
• 10 years Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (EMU) in 2009.
• 10 years Euro Coins and Banknotes in 2012.
• 30 years of the Flag of Europe in 2015.

Country	Issues	2004	2005	2006	2007		2008	2009		2010	2011	2012		2013	2014	2015
					reg.	ToR		reg.	EMU			reg.	10Y€			reg.	30YF
Andorra	0														S
Austria	5		Y			Y			Y				Y				Y
Belgium	14		Y	Y		Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y	S
Cyprus	2								Y				Y				S
Estonia	1												Y				S
Finland	18	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y/Y	Y/S	Y
France	13					Y	Y		Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y/Y	Y/Y	S
Germany	15			Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y	Y/Y	S
Greece	10	Y				Y			Y	Y	Y		Y	Y/Y	Y/Y	S	S
Ireland	4					Y			Y				Y				Y
Italy	17	Y	Y	Y		Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y/Y	Y/Y	S
Latvia	2														Y	Y/S	S
Lithuania	0															S	S
Luxembourg	18	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y/Y	S
Malta	9								Y		Y	Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y/Y	S
Monaco	4				Y						Y	Y		Y		S
Netherlands	8					Y			Y		Y		Y	Y/Y	Y		Y
Portugal	14				Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y/Y	S
San Marino	14	Y	Y	Y	Y		Y	Y		Y	Y	Y		Y	Y/Y	Y/Y
Slovakia	8							Y	Y		Y		Y	Y	Y	Y	Y
Slovenia	8					Y	Y		Y	Y	Y		Y	Y	Y	S	S
Spain	11		Y			Y			Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y	Y/Y	Y	S
Vatican City	13	Y	Y	Y	Y		Y	Y		Y	Y	Y		Y/Y	Y	Y
Total	208	6	8	7	7	13	10	9	16	12	16	13	17	23	26 (1)	20 (6)	5 (14)
Y – yes   was not yet part of the eurozone / was not able to mint euro coins (Andorra)   no   S – scheduled

Issued designs are made public in the Official Journal of the European Union.^[10]

2004 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	Greece	Summer Olympics in Athens 2004	35 million coins	14 March 2004[11]
	Description: The Discobolus (a classical Greek sculpture by Myron) is depicted in the centre of the coin. To the left of it is the logo of the Olympic games (ATHENS 2004) and the five Olympic Rings, while to the right the denomination of the coin is given in Greek (2 ΕΥΡΩ). The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design. The year mark is split around the star in the bottom centre (20*04), and the mint mark is to the upper left of the statue's head.[12]
2004 - Finland	Finland	Fifth Enlargement of the European Union in 2004	1 million coinsUnion	FDI:[13] 1 June 2004 FDC:[14] 1 July 2004[15]
	Description: The coin's design resembles a stylised pillar from which ten sprouts grow upwards. This is a metaphorical theme: The ten sprouts represent the growth of the European Union (i.e., the 2004 enlargement which added ten new member states), while the pillar represents the foundation for the growth. Near the bottom of the coin, below the pillar, the word EU is written, and together with the right side of the pillar, representing the Greek small letter "ρ" (rho), it reads "euro". The twelve stars of the European Union adorn the outer ring together with the year mark, which is at the top of the ring.[16]
[158]	Luxembourg	Effigy and Monogram of Grand Duke Henri	2.49 million coins	23 June 2004[17]
	Description: On the left side of the centre part of the coin, the effigy of Grand Duke Henri is depicted, looking to the right. The right side displays his monogram (the letter H topped with a crown). The twelve stars of the European Union are also on the right side of the inner part, surrounding the monogram in a semicircular form. The year mark, the mint mark and the engraver's initials are written in circular shape at the top of the outer ring, together with the word LËTZEBUERG ("Luxembourg" in Luxembourgish), while the words HENRI – Grand-Duc de Luxembourg appear at the bottom of the ring.[18]
[159]	Italy	Fifth Decade of the World Food Programme	16 million coins	15 December 2004[19]
	Description: In the centre of the coin is a globe, tilted to the right. Three ears emerge from behind the globe, reaching out to cross the outer ring; these are maize, rice and wheat, representing the world's basic sources of nourishment. The letters R and I, superimposed over one another, are to the right of the globe (representing Repubblica Italiana), and below them are the engraver's (Uliana Pernazza) initials (a combination of the letters U and P). The mint mark (R) is to the upper left of the globe, the year mark is below it, and the twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring, grouped into three batches of four stars each, separated by the three ears.[20]
[160]	San Marino	Bartolomeo Borghesi	110,000 coins	15 December 2004[21]
	Description: The central piece of this coin is a engraver's initials (E.L.F.) to the left of it. On the outer ring, the coin displays the twelve stars of the European Union and the year mark (bottom centre).[22]
[161]	Vatican City	75th Anniversary of the Foundation of the Vatican City State	100,000 coins	15 December 2004[23]
	Description: The central part of the coin depicts a schematic representation of the perimeter walls of the Vatican City with St. Peter's Basilica in the foreground, together with the inscriptions 75o ANNO DELLO STATO (to the left), 1929–2004 and the mint mark (R) (both to the right). In addition to these, the name of the designer (VEROI) and the initials of the engraver (L.D.S. INC.) are written in the lower right in smaller print. The outer ring is adorned by the twelve stars of the European Union and the inscription CITTÀ DEL VATICANO.[24]

2005 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[162]	Luxembourg	50th Birthday of Grand Duke Henri, 5th Anniversary of his Accession to the Throne and 100th Anniversary of the Death of Grand Duke Adolphe	2.8 million coins	15 January 2005[25]
	Description: In the centre of the coin, the effigies of the Grand Dukes Henri and Adolphe are displayed, both looking to the right, with Henri's superimposed on Adolphe's. The inscription GRANDS-DUCS DE LUXEMBOURG appears above the effigies, while the inscriptions HENRI *1955 and ADOLPHE †1905 are written below the respective effigies. The outer ring of the coin contains the twelve stars of the European Union, placed between the letters of the word LËTZEBUERG and the year mark, which is centred below the effigies positioned between S (for Suomi) on the left and the mint mark on the right.[26]
	Belgium	Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union	6 million coins	FDI:[13] 1 March 2005 FDC:[14] 1 April 2005[27]
	Description: In the centre of the coin, the effigies of Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg and King Albert II of the Belgians are depicted, looking left. The engraver's initials (LL) are in the lower right, while the year mark is below the effigies. On the outer circle, the twelve stars of the European Union are displayed, along with the mint mark on the bottom, the monogram of Grand-Duke Henri to the left and the monogram of King Albert II to the right.[28]
[163]	Spain	4th Centenary of the first edition of Miguel de Cervantes' El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quixote de la Mancha	8 million coins	1 April 2005[29]
	Description: The centre of the coin displays Don Quixote holding a lance, with the windmills from one of his most well-known escapades in the background. The inscription ESPAÑA is impressed into the surface of the coin to the left of the image, with the mint mark (an M topped by a crown) below. The twelve stars of the European Union are placed on the outer ring, with the four on the right side impressed into the surface of the coin, as well, and the year mark placed between three of the stars (*20*05*) at the bottom.[30]
[164]	Austria	50th Anniversary of the Austrian State Treaty	7 million coins	11 May 2005[31]
	Description: In the centre of the coin is a depiction of the seals and signatures of the Austrian State Treaty, signed by the foreign ministers of the Allied occupying forces (Vyacheslav Molotov for the Soviet Union, John Foster Dulles for the United States, Harold Macmillan for the United Kingdom and Antoine Pinay for France), the High Commissioners of the four sectors, as well as the Foreign Minister of Austria (Leopold Figl) on 15 May 1955. The inscription 50 JAHRE STAATSVERTRAG is above the seals, while the year mark is below it; in the background, vertical stripes serve as a heraldic depiction of Austria's national flag (red-white-red). The outer ring contains the twelve stars of the European Union.[32]
	San Marino	World Year of Physics 2005	130,000 coins	14 October 2005[33]
	Description: The centre of the coin contains a free interpretation of the allegorical painting of Galileo Galilei known as La fisica antica or The Study of the Planets. The year mark is inscribed below a globe standing on a desk. The mint mark (R) is to the left of the image, while the engraver's initials (LDS) appear on the right. The inscription SAN MARINO is aligned in a semicircle above the image, while the inscription ANNO MONDIALE DELLA FISICA forms another semicircle below it. The outer ring bears the twelve stars of the European Union which are separated by the outer edges of a stylised atom depicted in the background of the entire coin.[34]
2005 Finland	Finland	60th Anniversary of the Establishment of the United Nations and 50th Anniversary of Finland's UN Membership	2 million coins	25 October 2005[35]
	Description: The centre of the coin contains part of a jigsaw puzzle showing a dove of peace. On the bottom of the centre part, the inscription FINLAND – UN and the year mark is displayed; the artist's initial (K) appears above the last digit of the year mark, while the mint mark (M) is between the inscription and the dove. The twelve stars of the European Union adorn the outer ring.[36]
[165]	Italy	1st Anniversary of the Signing of the European Constitution	18 million coins	29 October 2005[37]
	Description: The centre of the coin features Europa and the bull (Zeus), together with the European Constitution; Europa is holding a pen over it, symbolising its signing. The mint mark (R) is to the upper left of the image, the engraver's (Maria Carmela Colaneri) initials (MCC) to the lower left, and the year mark is to the upper right. The monogram of the Italian Republic (RI) is at the bottom of the centre part, slightly to the left. The outer ring features the inscription COSTITUZIONE EUROPEA, forming almost a full semicircle, while the remainder of the outer ring is taken up by the twelve stars of the European Union.[38]
[166]	Vatican City	20th World Youth Day, held in Cologne in August 2005	100,000 coins	6 December 2005[39]
	Description: The centre of the coin contains the Cologne Cathedral and a comet passing by above it. The inscription XX GIORNATA MONDIALE DELLA GIOVENTÙ is written in the upper part of the centre, separated by the tail of the comet and two of the cathedral's spires, one of which extends into the outer ring. The outer ring contains the inscription CITTÀ DEL VATICANO in the lower half and the twelve stars of the European Union in the upper half, with the year mark and the mint mark (R) separating them in the top centre.[40]

2006 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[167]	Italy	Winter Olympics in Turin 2006	40 million coins	FDI:[13] 10 January 2006 FDC:[14] 10 February 2006[41]
	Description: The coin depicts a racing skier and the visitor attraction of Turin, the Mole Antonelliana (which incidentally is also depicted on the Italian 2 cent coin), together with a large number of inscriptions: above the skier's head, GIOCHI INVERNALI ("Winter Games"); below the tower, the name of the host city TORINO; beside the skier's right thigh, the engraver's initials (MCC); also to the right of the skier, the year mark (written vertically); and finally, to the right of the tower, the monogram of the Italian Republic (RI) and the mint mark (R). The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[42]
[168]	Luxembourg	25th Birthday of Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume	1.1 million coins	11 January 2006[43]
	Description: The coin depicts the effigy of Grand Duke Henri on the right side of the inner part, superimposed on the effigy of Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume on the left side; both are looking to the right. The year mark appears below the effigies, flanked by the letter S and the mint mark. The inscription LËTZEBUERG appears above the effigies along the upper edge of the inner part of the coin. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[44]
[169]	Germany	Holstentor in Lübeck (Schleswig-Holstein) First of the Bundesländer series	30 million coins	3 February 2006[45]
	Description: The coin shows the Holstentor in Lübeck in the centre part, with the inscription SCHLESWIG–HOLSTEIN below the gate at the bottom of the centre part. The mint mark is to the left, while the designer's initials (HH) are to the right. The inscription BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND is written in a semicircle in the lower part of the outer ring, and the year mark at the top; the twelve stars of the European Union are positioned between the year mark and the inscription at the bottom, in two groups of six stars each.[46]
[170]	Belgium	Renovation of the Atomium in Brussels	5 million coins	10 April 2006[47]
	Description: The coin shows the Atomium in the centre part, with the mint marks to the lower right and left of it. The designer's initials (LL) are to the left. The letter B for Belgium is written at the top of the outer ring, and the year mark at the bottom; the twelve stars of the European Union are positioned between the year mark and the inscription at the top, in two groups of six stars each.[48]
2006 Finland	Finland	1st Centenary of the Introduction of Universal and Equal Suffrage	2.5 million coins	4 October 2006[49]
	Description: The coin shows two stylised faces in the centre part, one male and the other female; they are separated by a thin curved line. Two capital "M"s appear to the left of each face, one of them the mint mark and the other one the artist's initial. On the left side, the date of the introduction of universal and equal suffrage in Finland (1. 10. 1906) is inscribed, while the right side of the coin contains the year mark and the country abbreviation (20 FI 06). The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[50]
[171]	San Marino	500th Anniversary of the Death of Christopher Columbus	120,000 coins	17 October 2006[51]
	Description: A portrait of Christopher Columbus (looking to the right) before a background of the three caravels (the Niña, the Pinta and the Santa María), which he used in his first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492, forms the central part of the coin's design. At the top of the inner part is the inscription SAN MARINO together with a compass rose, in the centre is the mint mark R, and at the bottom is a cartouche containing the inscription 1506–2006 and the initials of the designer (LDS). The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[52]
[172]	Vatican City	500th Anniversary of the Swiss Guard	100,000 coins	9 November 2006[53]
	Description: The centre part of the coin features a member of the Swiss Guard taking his oath on the flag of the Swiss Guard, facing the right side. In the top part of the inner circle, the inscription GUARDIA SVIZZERA PONTIFICIA surrounds the guard, while the bottom part carries the inscription CITTÁ DEL VATICANO. The guard is surrounded by four other inscriptions, with the year 1506 and the signature of the designer O. ROSSI to his left and the year mark 2006 and the mint mark R to his right. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[54]

2007 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[173]	Germany	Schwerin Castle (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Second of the Bundesländer series	30 million coins	2 February 2007[55]
	Description: The centre part of the coin shows a representation of Schwerin Castle. The inscription MECKLENBURG–VORPOMMERN and the engraver's initials HH appear underneath while the mint mark appears above. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin, with the year mark inscribed at the top of the outer ring.[56]
[174]	Luxembourg	Grand Ducal Palace	1.1 million coins	2 February 2007[57]
	Description: The inner part of the coin design is divided into two halves: The right side shows Grand Duke Henri (looking to the left), while the Grand Ducal Palace is shown on the left side. Between the Grand Ducal Palace and the outer ring of the coin, the year mark is inscribed vertically, with the engraver's initials above and the mint mark below. The inscription LËTZEBUERG appears superimposed on the two elements of the main design of the coin. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[58]
[175]	Vatican City	80th Birthday of Pope Benedict XVI	100,000 coins	FDI:[13] 16 April 2007 FDC:[14] 1 October 2007[59]
	Description: The inner part of the coin features a bust of Pope Benedict XVI in profile facing to the left. The legend BENEDICTI XVI P.M. AETATIS ANNO LXXX CITTÀ DEL VATICANO is engraved surrounding the portrait. On the right hand side, the mintmark R, the year mark and the initials of the engraver M.C.C. INC. are written, while the left hand side shows the name of the author LONGO. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[60]
[176]	Portugal	Portuguese Presidency of the Council of the European Union	2 million coins	FDI:[13] 1 June 2007 FDC:[14] 1 July 2007[61]
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows a cork oak (Quercus suber) taking up most of the coin's design; under the branches, on the left hand side, is the coat of arms of Portugal and on the right hand side the word POR TU GAL written over three lines. The inscription 2007 PRESIDÊNCIA DO CONSELHO DA UE is written in a semicircle along the bottom of the inner part, with the artist's signature on the right and the mint mark near the coat of arms. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[62]
[177]	Monaco	25th Anniversary of the Death of Grace Kelly	20,001 coins	1 July 2007[63]
	Description: On the inner part of the coin there is an effigy of Grace Kelly in profile, facing to the left. MONACO, the mint mark, the year mark and the engraver's mark are engraved in an arc at the bottom right of the inner part. The name of the artist R. B. BARON is engraved under the Princess' hair. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[64]
[178]	San Marino	200th Birthday of Giuseppe Garibaldi	130,000 coins	9 October 2007[65]
	Description: The inner circle of the coin features a portrait of Giuseppe Garibaldi. The inscription SAN MARINO and the year mark are engraved along the circle on the left and right sides respectively. The mint mark R and the initials of the author Ettore Lorenzo Frapiccini, E.L.F., appear on the right side of the inner circle. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[66]
2007 Finland	Finland	90th Anniversary of Finland's Independence	2 million coins	1 December 2007[67]
	Description: The centre part of the coin shows nine people rowing a boat with long oars. The year mark 2007 and the year 1917 (when Finland became independent) appear on the top and the bottom of the design respectively. The mint mark appears on the left side, and the inscription FI on the right side. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[68]

2007 commonly issued coin

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	European Union	50th Anniversary of the Signature of the Treaty of Rome[69]	87,652,666 coins	25 March – 2 April 2007
	Description: The centre part of the coin shows the treaty signed by the original six member states of the European Coal and Steel Community, on a background symbolising Michelangelo's paving on the Piazza del Campidoglio in Rome where the treaty was signed. The translation of EUROPE is inscribed above the book, but within the central design, whereas the translation of TREATY OF ROME 50 YEARS appears above the design. The year mark and the name of the issuing country are inscribed below the design, and the twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin. (The location of the mint mark (and the engraver's initials, if they are shown) differs between the thirteen different versions.)[70]
Image	Country		Volume	Date
	Austria		9 million coins	25 March 2007
	Inscription: VERTRAG VON ROM 50 JAHRE, EUROPA, REPUBLIK ÖSTERREICH
	Finland		1,400,000 coins	25 March 2007
	Inscription: ROOMAN SOPIMUS 50 V, EUROOPPA, SUOMI FINLAND
	Germany		30,865,630 coins	25 March 2007
	Inscription: RÖMISCHE VERTRÄGE 50 JAHRE, EUROPA, BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND
	Italy		5 million coins	25 March 2007
	Inscription: TRATTATI DI ROMA 50° ANNIVERSARIO, EUROPA, REPUBBLICA ITALIANA
	Slovenia		400,000 coins	25 March 2007
	Inscription: RIMSKA POGODBA 50 LET, EVROPA, SLOVENIJA
	Spain		8 million coins	25 March 2007
	Inscription: TRATADO DE ROMA 50 AÑOS, EUROPA, ESPAÑA
	Belgium		5,040,000 coins	26 March 2007
	Inscription: PACTVM ROMANVM QVINQVAGENARIVM, \scriptstyle {\it EUROP}^A_E, BELGIQUE–BELGIE–BELGIEN
	Greece		3,978,549 coins	26 March 2007
	Inscription: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ ΤΗΣ ΡΩΜΗΣ 50 XPONIA, EYPΩΠΗ, ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ
	Ireland		4,640,112 coins	26 March 2007
	Inscription: CONRADH NA RÓIMHE 50 BLIAIN, AN EORAIP, ÉIRE[71]
	Luxembourg		2,046,000 coins	26 March 2007
	Inscription: TRAITÉ DE ROME 50 ANS, EUROPE, LËTZEBUERG
	Netherlands		6,355,500 coins	26 March 2007
	Inscription: VERDRAG VAN ROME 50 JAAR, EUROPA, KONINKRIJK DER NEDERLANDEN
	Portugal		1,520,000 coins	26 March 2007
	Inscription: TRATADO DE ROMA 50 ANOS, EUROPA, PORTUGAL
	France		9,406,857 coins	2 April 2007
	Inscription: TRAITÉ DE ROME 50 ANS, EUROPE, RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
Due to special laws requiring that every coin bear the incumbent Grand Duke's portrait, the Luxembourgish edition of the common €2 commemorative coin differs slightly from the others in addition to the translated inscriptions, since a latent image of the Grand Duke's portrait was added (as required by national law) using a technique called multi-view minting.[72] A similar Dutch law, which requires the portrait of the current head of state of the Netherlands and the words NAME (Koning/Koningin) der Nederlanden to appear on all coins issued by the Netherlands (for example, currently Willem-Alexander Koning der Nederlanden) was amended so that the Netherlands could take part in this program; the amendment completely removed the requirement for €2 commemorative coins. Furthermore, due to Belgium's special multilingual society, the Belgian coin features the inscription PACTVM ROMANVM QVINQVAGENARIVM in Latin. The three micro-states which also use the euro due to an official agreement with the European Union (Monaco, San Marino and the Vatican City) did not issue this coin, as they are not member states of the European Union. However, some member states of the European Union which had not yet introduced the euro also took part in this program. For example, Cyprus issued a £1 coin and Hungary a 50 Ft coin with the same design.

2008 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[179]	Germany	St. Michaelis Church (Hamburg) Third of the Bundesländer series	30 million coins	1 February 2008[73]
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows St. Michaelis Church in Hamburg. The name of the federal State HAMBURG is inscribed beneath the image of the church. To the right of the church are the engraver's stylised initials OE and above it towards the centre the mint mark. The outer ring has the year mark inscribed at the top, six stars on each side and below them the words BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND.[74]
[180]	Luxembourg	Berg Castle	1.3 million coins	2 February 2008[75]
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows, in the foreground on the left side the effigy of Grand Duke Henri looking to the right and in the background on the right side the picture of Berg Castle. The year mark is flanked by the mint mark and the mint master mark of the engraving workshop at the top of the coin. The name of the issuing country LËTZEBUERG appears at the bottom of the design. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[76]
[181]	Italy	60th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights	5 million coins	April 2008[77]
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows a man and a woman with an olive branch, an ear of corn, a cogwheel and some barbed wire, symbols respectively representing the right to peace, food, work and freedom, along with the links of a broken chain which form the figure 60°. In the centre of the coin are the initials of the issuing country RI; to the left the year mark; to the right the initials MCC of the artist, Maria Carmela Colaneri, and the mint mark; at the bottom, a cartouche with the inscription DIRITTI UMANI. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[78]
[182]	San Marino	European Year of Intercultural Dialogue	130,000 coins	April 2008[79]
	Description: The inner part of the coin represents the different cultures of the five regions within the European continent, symbolized by five human silhouettes and the sacred texts of the different communities. Arched inscriptions complete the design: at the top, SAN MARINO, and below that the year mark; at the bottom, ANNO EUROPEO DEL DIALOGO INTERCULTURALE and the initials E.L.F. of the artist, Ettore Lorenzo Frapiccini; and to the left, the mint mark. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[80]
[183]	Belgium	60th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights	5 million coins	April/May 2008[81]
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows curved lines around a rectangle marked with the figure 60. The year mark is inscribed above the rectangle and the words UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS appear below it. The name of the country in its three official languages (BELGIE – BELGIQUE – BELGIEN) is inscribed in a semicircle below the design. The mint marks appear to the left and right of the design respectively. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[82]
[184]	Slovenia	500th Birthday of Primož Trubar	1 million coins	May 2008[83]
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts an effigy of Primož Trubar in right profile. On the left the inscriptions PRIMOŽ TRUBAR and 1508–1586 appear in two semicircles, and towards the bottom right SLOVENIJA 2008 is inscribed (also in a semicircle). The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[84]
[185]	France	French Presidency of the Council of the European Union	20 million coins	July 2008[85]
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows the inscription 2008 PRÉSIDENCE FRANÇAISE UNION EUROPÉENNE RF; the mint mark and the mintmaster's mark are located below, to the left and the right respectively. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[86]
[186]	Portugal	60th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights	1,025,000 coins	15 September 2008[87]
	Description: The inner part of the coin features the Portuguese coat of arms at the top, above the name of the issuing country PORTUGAL, the year mark and a geometric design in the bottom half of the centre. The legend 60 ANOS DA DECLARAÇÃO UNIVERSAL DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS adorns edge of the bottom two thirds of the inner ring and is followed by the inscription Esc. J. Duarte INCM in very small characters. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[88]
[187]	Vatican City	2008 – Year of Saint Paul the Apostle	100,000 coins	5 September 2008[89]
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts the conversion of Saint Paul on the road to Damascus (with the city visible in the background); the saint, dazzled by a light from the sky, falls from his rearing horse. Two inscriptions are engraved around the portrait: on the left side, an inscription denoting the issuing country CITTÀ DEL VATICANO; on the right side, the legend ANNO SANCTO PAULO DICATO. The year mark is inscribed to the right of the portrait, as well as the mintmark R and the artist's name VEROI. Beneath the portrait are the initials of the engraver Luciana De Simoni, L.D.S. INC.. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[90]
[188]	Finland	60th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights	1.5 million coins	October 2008[91]
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts a human figure seen through a heart-shaped hole in a stone wall. The text HUMAN RIGHTS is inscribed under the heart, and the year mark is engraved above it. The indication of the issuing country FI, the letter K (initial of the artist Tapio Kettunen) and the mint mark appear at the bottom of the design. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[92]

2009 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[189]	Luxembourg	90th Anniversary of Grand Duchess Charlotte's Accession to the Throne	800,000 coins[93]	1 January 2009[94]
	Description: The coin shows the effigy of Grand Duke Henri on the left hand side of its inner part, superimposed on the effigy of the Grand Duchess Charlotte, both looking to the left. The vertically aligned text LËTZEBUERG and the year mark, flanked by the mint master's mark and the mint mark, appear on the right hand side of the inner part of the coin. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[95]
[190]	Germany	Ludwigskirche in Saarbrücken (Saarland) Fourth of the Bundesländer series	30 million coins	2 February 2009[96]
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts the Ludwigskirche in Saarbrücken. The name of the state SAARLAND and the mint mark appear under the monument; the engraver's initials FB (Friedrich Brenner) are displayed on the right of the monument. The lower part of the outer ring of the coin features the inscription BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND, and the upper part bears the year mark. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[97]
[191]	San Marino	European Year of Creativity and Innovation	130,000 coins	May 2009[98]
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts objects representing scientific research: a book, a compass, a test tube and a flask. On the left are the three emblematic feathers of the Republic of San Marino. On the right the mint mark and year mark are shown. On the top is the legend CREATIVITÀ INNOVAZIONE. At the bottom are the inscription SAN MARINO and the initials of the artist A.M.. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[99]
[192]	Portugal	2009 Lusophony Games	1.25 million coins	9 June 2009[100]
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows a gymnast swirling a long ribbon. At the top, the Portuguese coat of arms appears within a semicircle formed by the inscription PORTUGAL. In a semicircle at the bottom the legend 2.os JOGOS DA LUSOFONIA LISBOA is inscribed between the initials INCM on the left and the artist's name J. AURÉLIO on the right. The year mark appears above the gymnast's head, to the left. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin (on a background of concentric circular lines).[101]
[193]	Belgium	200th Birthday of Louis Braille	5 million coins	25 September 2009[102]
	Description: The inner part of the coin features a portrait of Louis Braille between his initials (L and B) in the Braille alphabet that he designed. Above the portrait is the inscription LOUIS BRAILLE, and underneath is the inscription BE between the dates 1809 and 2009. To the left and right respectively are the mint mark and the mint master mark. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[103]
[194]	Italy	200th Birthday of Louis Braille	2 million coins	15 October 2009[104]
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts a hand reading an open book by touch. Above the index finger, which is pointing at the vertical inscription LOUIS BRAILLE 1809–2009, are two birds symbolising freedom of knowledge. The issuing country reference RI is at the top right, while the mint mark R is at the bottom right. Braille's name is written under the book in the Braille alphabet that he invented. At the very bottom are the initials MCC of the artist Maria Carmela Colanéri. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[105]
[195]	Slovakia	20th Anniversary of the Start of the Velvet Revolution	1 million coins	November 2009[106]
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts a stylised bell made up of a series of keys. This recalls the demonstration on 17 November 1989, when marching citizens shook their keyrings to make a jangling sound. This marked the beginning of the Velvet Revolution. To the bottom right of the design are the artist's mark and the mint mark of the Slovak Mint (Mincovňa Kremnica). The design is surrounded above by the legend 17. NOVEMBER SLOBODA – DEMOKRACIA and the dates 1989–2009 and below by the name of the issuing country SLOVENSKO. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[107]
[196]	Vatican City	International Year of Astronomy	106,084	October 2009[108]
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts an allegory of the birth of the stars and planets together with several astronomical instruments. The mint mark R is situated in the bottom left quadrant and the year mark 2009 is at the bottom. The design is surrounded on the bottom left-hand side by the legend ANNO INTERNAZIONALE DELL´ASTRONOMIA and on the top right-hand side by the name of the issuing country CITTÀ DEL VATICANO. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[109]
[197]	Finland	200th Anniversary of Finnish Autonomy	1.6 million coins	October 2009
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts the profile of the Porvoo Cathedral, which was the site of opening of the first Diet of Finland. The date 1809 appears on the top, and the year mark is on the right side. The indication of the issuing country FI and the mint mark are on the left side. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[110]

2009 commonly issued coin

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	European Union	Ten years of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and the birth of the euro[111]	78,675,215 coins	1 January – 26 March 2009
	Description: The centre of the coin shows a stylised human figure whose left arm is prolonged by the euro symbol. The initials ΓΣ of the sculptor appear below the euro symbol. The name(s) of the issuing country in the national language(s) appear(s) at the top, while the indication 1999–2009 and the acronym EMU translated into the national language(s) appear at the bottom. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[112]
Image	Country		Volume	Date
	Ireland		5 million coins	1 January 2009
	Inscription: ÉIRE, AEA (Aontas Eacnamaíochta Airgeadaíochta)
	Austria		5 million coins	2 January 2009
	Inscription: REPUBLIK ÖSTERREICH, WWU (Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion)
	Germany		30,565,630 coins	2 January 2009
	Inscription: BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND, WWU (Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion)
	Greece		4 million coins	2 January 2009
	Inscription: ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ, ONE (Οικονομική και Νομισματική Ένωση)
	Cyprus		1 million coins	5 January 2009
	Inscription: KYΠPOΣ KIBRIS, ONE (Οικονομική και Νομισματική Ένωση)
	Malta		700,000 coins	5 January 2009
	Inscription: MALTA, UEM (Unjoni Ekonomika u Monetarja)
	Portugal		1,285,000 coins	5 January 2009
	Inscription: PORTUGAL, UEM (União Económica e Monetária)
	Slovenia		1 million coins	5 January 2009
	Inscription: SLOVENIJA, EMU (Ekonomska in monetarna unija)
	Netherlands		5,313,500 coins	7 January 2009
	Inscription: NEDERLAND, EMU (economische en monetaire unie)
	Slovakia		2,500,000 coins	7 January 2009
	Inscription: SLOVENSKO, HMÚ (Hospodárska a menová únia)
	Finland		1,400,000 coins	15 January 2009
	Inscription: SUOMI FINLAND, 2009, EMU Coin edge inscription: TALOUS – JA RAHALIITTO EMU[113]
	Luxembourg		825,000 coins	15 January 2009
	Inscription: LËTZEBUERG, UEM (l'Union économique et monétaire). Due to special laws requiring that every coin bear the incumbent Grand Duke's portrait, the Luxembourgish edition of the common €2 commemorative coin differs slightly from the others in addition to the translated inscriptions, since two latent image of the Grand Duke's portrait were added (as required by national law). The method used (multi-view-minting) was even more sophisticated than the one used in 2007, as portraits of the Grand Duke from the left and the right could be seen, depending on which way one tilted the coin.[114]
	France		10,074,085 coins	23 January 2009
	Inscription: RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE, UEM (l'Union économique et monétaire)
	Belgium		5,012,000 coins	27 January 2009
	Inscription: BELGIE–BELGIQUE–BELGIEN, EMU (Economic and Monetary Union)
	Spain		8 million coins	2 February 2009
	Inscription: ESPAÑA, UEM (Unión Económica y Monetaria)
	Italy		2 million coins	26 March 2009
	Inscription: REPUBBLICA ITALIANA, UEM (l'unione economica e monetaria)
The final design of the coin was chosen by electronic voting from 31 January 2008 to 22 February 2008, with the result announced on 25 February 2008. The designs were pre-selected by the national mint directors of the eurozone.[115] The winner was George Stamatopoulos, a sculptor from the Bank of Greece Mint.

2010 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[198]	Luxembourg	Arms of the Grand Duke	500,000 coins	14 January 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts, on the left, a portrait of Grand Duke Henri facing towards the right, and on the right, the Coat of Arms of the Grand Duke, above which the year mark is shown between mint marks, overlapping slightly into the outer ring. Below, the name of the issuing country LËTZEBUERG overlaps slightly into the outer ring. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[116]
[199]	Germany	City Hall and Roland (Bremen) Fifth of the Bundesländer series	30 million coins	29 January 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin features the Bremen City Hall, with the Roland (a statue) in the foreground. The word BREMEN is inscribed below the town hall on the right. The mint mark appears at the top left. The initials of the artist Bodo Broschat are at the very bottom, just below the statue. The initial of the issuing country D and the year mark are inserted at the top and bottom of the outer ring of the coin respectively, where the twelve stars of the European Union surround the design.[117]
[200]	Spain	Historic Centre of Córdoba First of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites series	4 million coins	February 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts the interior of the Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba. On the left is the mint mark, and below is the name of the issuing country followed by the year mark ESPAÑA 2010. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[118]
[201]	Slovenia	200th Anniversary of the Botanical Garden of Ljubljana	1 million coins	10 May 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts the Rebrinčevolistna Hladnikija plant. On the left under the plant, its scientific name HLADNIKIA PASTINACIFOLIA is written in an arc. Around the image in a circle is the legend SLOVENIJA 2010. 200 LET. BOTANIČNI VRT. LJUBLJANA. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[119]
[202]	Italy	200th Birthday of Camillo Benso, conte di Cavour	4 million coins	March 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows a detail of the portrait of the Italian statesman in the centre, the inscriptions CAVOUR and RI on the left, and the mint mark, the dates 1810 and 2010 and the initials of the artist Claudia Momoni (C.M.) on the right. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[120]
	Belgium	Belgian Presidency of the Council of the European Union	5 million coins	June 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows the stylised letters EU and trio.be. Above the letters is the inscription BELGIAN PRESIDENCY OF THE COUNCIL OF THE EU 2010 and below it the trilingual inscription BELGIE BELGIQUE BELGIEN. Underneath the logo, the mint mark is displayed to the left of the year mark, and the mint master's mark to the right. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[121]
[203]	France	Appeal of 18 June	20 million coins	June 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows General Charles de Gaulle, in uniform and bareheaded, at a microphone typical of the time, reading the Appeal, in which the name of the country RF is cleverly inserted. At the top is the year mark and below it the inscriptions 70 ANS and APPEL 18 JUIN. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[122]
[204]	Portugal	Centenary of the Portuguese Republic	2.035 million coins	September 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows in the centre the Portuguese coat of arms and the República effigy, two of the most representative symbols of the Portuguese Republic, surrounded by the legend República Portuguesa – 1910–2010, the mint mark and the name of the designer JOSE CÂNDIDO. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[123]
[205]	San Marino	500th Anniversary of the Death of Sandro Botticelli	130,000 coins	7 September 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts "Pleasure", a detail of one of the three dancing Graces, freely inspired by the painting Primavera by Sandro Botticelli. On the top is the year mark, on the left the name of the issuing country SAN MARINO and the mint mark and on the right the initial m of the designer Roberto Mauri. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[124]
[206]	Vatican City	Year for Priests	115,000 coins	12 October 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin features a shepherd drawing a lamb from a lion's maw. Two inscriptions are engraved around the design: the name of the issuing country CITTA' DEL VATICANO on the top and the topic of commemoration ANNO SACERDOTALE below it. The year mark is displayed to the left of the design, the mint mark at the bottom and the artist's name VEROI to the right. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[125]
[207]	Finland	Currency Decree of 1860 granting Finland the right to issue banknotes and coins	1.6 million coins	October 2010
	Description: The design consists on the left side of a stylised lion figure from the coat of arms of Finland and the year mark, and on the right side of the mint mark and a set of numbers symbolising coin values. At the bottom the issuing country is indicated by the inscription FI. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[126]
[208]	Greece	25th Centenary of the Battle of Marathon	2.5 million coins	October 2010
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows a synthesis of a shield and a runner/warrior symbolizing the battle for freedom and the noble ideals derived from the battle of Marathon. The bird on the shield symbolises the birth of western civilization in its present form. Surrounding the centre is the Greek inscription ΜΑΡΑΘΩΝΑΣ/2500 ΧΡΟΝΙΑ/490 Π.Χ./2010 Μ.Χ. (Marathon/2,500 years/490 BC/2010 AD) and the name of the issuing country (ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ). The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[127]

2011 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[209]	Slovakia	20th Anniversary of Foundation of the Visegrád Group	1 million coins[128]	10 January 2011
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts a map of the four countries that comprise the Visegrád Group (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia). The map is supplemented by a stylized abbreviation V IV; the name of the issuing country SLOVENSKO is situated in the lower right part, and the year mark in the lower left part. The design is surrounded by the legend VYŠEHRADSKÁ SKUPINA • VISEGRAD GROUP and the date of the foundation of the Viségrad Group 15. 2. 1991. The initials of the coin's designer Miroslav Rónai and the mint mark appear under the name of the country. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[129]
[210]	Netherlands	500th Anniversary of the Publication of The Praise of Folly by Desiderius Erasmus	4 million coins	24 January 2011
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts Erasmus writing his book and the effigy of Beatrix of the Netherlands. Between these two images, the inscription Beatrix Koningin der Nederlanden (vertically written), the year mark, the mint master mark and the mintmark appear. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[130]
[211]	Germany	Cologne Cathedral (North-Rhine Westphalia) Sixth of the Bundesländer series	30 million coins	28 January 2011
	Description: The design shows the Cologne cathedral in its entirety, as a masterpiece of the Gothic architecture, emphasizing the beauty of the south portal. The name NORDRHEIN-WESTFALEN, just below the building, links the pictured building with the state. The mint mark is located in the right upper part of the centre, with the artist Heinz Hoyer's initials in the right part of the centre. The year mark and the letter D (for Deutschland) are placed between the stars in the outer part of the coin, at the bottom and top, respectively. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin[131]
[212]	Luxembourg	50th Anniversary of the Appointment of Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg by his mother Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg as lieutenant-représentant	700,000 coins[93]	3 February 2011
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg on the right-hand side looking to the left, and superimposed on the effigies of Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg. The text LËTZEBUERG is written above the three effigies. The year mark 2011, surrounded by the mint mark and the mintmaster mark, appears at the top. The name of the person depicted is written below the respective effigy. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[132]
[213]	Spain	Patio de los Leones of the Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada Second of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites series	4 million coins	March 2011
	Description: The design shows an image of the Patio de los Leones in the Alhambra in Granada. At the bottom of the coin is the inscription ESPAÑA and the year mark, with the mint mark at the top. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[133]
[214]	Slovenia	100th Birthday of Franc Rozman – Stane	1 million coins	March 2011
	Description: The design shows on the left side the image of Franc Rozman – Stane with a five-pointed star below him. The inscription SLOVENIJA separates the upper and lower parts of the right-hand side of the coin; the year mark is written vertically below the inscription, and the inscriptions FRANC, ROZMAN, STANE (vertically) and 1911, 1944 (horizontally) appear above the inscription. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[134]
[215]	Belgium	1st Centenary of the International Women's Day	5 million coins	March 2011
	Description: The coin displays the effigies of Isala Van Diest, the first female Belgian doctor, and Marie Popelin, the first female Belgian lawyer. Their names (I. VAN DIEST and M. POPELIN) are written under the effigies, separated by the year mark, and above the inscriptions are the symbols of their respective professions (the Rod of Asclepius and the Scales of Justice). Above the effigies are the inscription BE, the mint master mark and the mint mark. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[135]
[216]	Italy	150th Anniversary of Italian unification	10 million coins	March 2011
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows three Italian flags in the wind, representing the three anniversaries (1911, 1961 and 2011) and illustrating a link between generations; this is the logo of the 150th anniversary of Italian unification. There are a number of inscriptions: at the top, the inscription 150º DELL'UNITÀ D'ITALIA; at the right, the initials RI; at the bottom, the dates 1861 › 2011 › ›; under the dates, at the centre, the mint mark, and at the right, the initials of the artist Ettore Lorenzo Frapiccini and his profession (incisore), ELF INC.. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[136]
[217]	France	30th Anniversary of Fête de la Musique	10 million coins	21 June 2011
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts a cheerful crowd (with the stylized image of a musical instrument and notes floating in the air) symbolizing the atmosphere of celebration on the Day of Music, which has been celebrated in France every summer solstice since 1981. The words Fête de la MUSIQUE and the date 21 JUIN 2011 appear in the centre of the drawing. At the top, slanting rightwards, are the words 30e ANNIVERSAIRE and the letters RF appear at the bottom. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[137]
[218]	Greece	2011 Special Olympics World Summer Games in Athens from 25 June to 4 July 2011	1 million coins	June 2011
	Description: The centre of the coin shows the symbol of the Games, a radiant sun, the "source of life that underlines the excellence and power of the athlete that takes part in the Games". "Excellence" is depicted in the olive branch, and "power" in the spiral form in the centre of the sun. Two inscriptions surround the centre on the right half, XIII SPECIAL OLYMPICS W.S.G. ATHENS 2011 and ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ, with the mint mark in between. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[138]
[219]	San Marino	500th Birthday of Giorgio Vasari	130,000 coins	June 2011
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows a detail from the painting Claudia Momoni's initials) on the right. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[139]
[220]	Monaco	Wedding of Prince Albert and Charlene Wittstock	147.877 coins	2 July 2011
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows the effigies of Prince Albert and Charlene Wittstock in the centre; the inscription MONACO and the yearmark are at the bottom, with the mint mark and the mint engraver's mark flanking the inscription. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[140]
	Portugal	500th Birthday of Fernão Mendes Pinto	520,000 coins	15 September 2011
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows a sailing ship on several wave-shaped inscriptions referring to Portugal, Lisbon, his book Peregrinação and some of his travel destinations. The inscription Portugal appears underneath, and his name above. The years 1511 and 2011 appear are to the left and right of the central image, respectively. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[141]
	Finland	200th Anniversary of the Bank of Finland (Suomen Pankki)	1.5 million coins	October 2011
	Description: The centre of the coin shows a whooper swan (the Finnish national bird). The swan's wing separates the years 1811 (at the bottom right) and 2011 (at the centre left). The letter V in the left armpit of the swan stands for the surname of the designer Hannu Veijalainen. At the bottom of the inner ring, the inscription FI and the mint mark are shown. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[142]
[221]	Malta	First election of representatives in 1849 First of the constitutional history series	430,000 coins	October 2011
	Description: The centre of the coin depicts a hand putting a vote into a ballot box. There are two inscriptions: the year mark at the bottom of the inner part of the coin, and at the top and right the inscription MALTA — First elected representatives 1849. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[143]
[222]	Vatican City	26th World Youth Day in August 2011	115,000 coins	October 2011
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows three young people and two flags, as well as the mint mark and the year mark. At the top of the inner ring, interrupted by a crown and the flags, is the inscription XXVI G. M. G. (for the Italian 26ª Giornata Mondiale della Gioventù). At the bottom of the inner ring is the inscription CITTÀ DEL VATICANO. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[144]

2012 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[223]	Germany	Neuschwanstein Castle near Füssen (Bavaria) Seventh of the Bundesländer series	30 million coins	3 February 2012[145]
	Description: The design by Erich Ott and shows the most famous view of Neuschwanstein Castle. The design shows the view from the east as visitors see it during their ascent to the castle, with the gatehouse in the foreground and the medieval-style towers and turrets. The panoramic mountain situated behind the castle are also depicted, as the castle sits on a cliff overlooking the Pöllatschlucht. The inscription BAYERN appears below the design. The mint mark is to the right, the initials of the artist on the left side. The year mark appears between the 3 lowest stars on the outer ring. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[146]
[224]	Luxembourg	100 Years since the Death of William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg[147]	700,000 coins[145]	9 February 2012
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts Grand Duke Henri (looking to the right) on the left side, superimposed on Grand Duke William IV, looking to the right. The inscription GRANDS-DUCS DE LUXEMBOURG and the year mark appear above the effigies, flanked by the mintmark and the initials of the mint master. In front of the effigies, the outline of the city of Luxembourg appears as a background. The names HENRI and GUILLAUME IV and the text † 1912 are written below the respective effigies. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[148]
[225]	Spain	Burgos Cathedral Third of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites series	8 million coins	1 March 2012
	Description: The inner part of the coin portrays a view of the Burgos Cathedral. The name of the issuing country ESPAÑA appears at the upper left hand side, while the year mark and the mint mark appear on the right hand side. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[149]
[226]	Belgium	75th Anniversary of the Queen Elisabeth Music Competition[145]	5 million coins	6 June 2012
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts the emblem of the Queen Elisabeth Competition superimposed on the effigy of Queen Elisabeth, looking to the left, flanked on the left and right respectively by the mark of the mint master and the mark of the Brussels mint, a helmeted profile of the Archangel Michael. The years 1937-2012 are inscribed above the effigy, and the words 'QUEEN ELISABETH COMPETITION' below it. The nationality 'BE' is indicated to the right of the portrait of the Queen. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[150]
	San Marino	10th Anniversary of Euro coins and banknotes[145]	130,000 coins	19 June 2012
	Description: The euro sign is in the centre of the coin. The design elements around the euro symbol on the coin express the importance of the euro to the people, to the financial world (ECB tower), to trading (ships), to industry (factories), to the energy sector and to research and development (wind power stations). The artist's initials AH appear under the image of the ECB tower. The name of the issuing country SAN MARINO appears at the top, the mint mark at the right, while the inscription 2002–2012 appears at the bottom. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[151] Note: Although the design is the same as the 2012 common issue, the coin is issued as national coinage since common side issues are restricted to EU member states.
[227]	Portugal	Guimarães, European Capital of Culture 2012[145]	520,000 coins	21 June 2012
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts a stylised image of Afonso Henriques, the first King of Portugal, together with his sword and the Castle of Guimarães, which is regarded as the birthplace of Portugal as an independent nation in the 12th century. To the left of the image is the Portuguese shield above the word "PORTUGAL". To the lower right is the inscription "GUIMARÃES 2012" with the logo of Guimarães 2012 European Capital of Culture. Along the lower edge of the inner part are the mintmark "INCM" and the name of the designer, "JOSÉ DE GUIMARÃES". The outer ring bears the 12 stars of the European flag.[152]
[228]	France	100th Birthday of Abbé Pierre[145]	1 million coins	24 June 2012
	Description: The coin depicts a portrait of [153]
[229]	Monaco	500th Anniversary of the Foundation of Monaco's Sovereignty	110,000 coins	1 July 2012
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows a portrait of LUCIEN 1er Grimaldi in profile facing to the left. The words "SOUVERAINETE DE MONACO" appear above the portrait in an arc along the upper edge of the inner part of the coin, flanked by the years "1512" and "2012". Two ornamental details are engraved at the beginning and at the end of the text. At the bottom, the horn of plenty, mintmark of the "Monnaie de Paris" and the "fleurette", hallmark of the engraving workshop, flank the portrait on the left hand side and the right hand side, respectively. Above the mintmark is engraved the inscription "LUCIEN Ier". The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[154]
[230]	Italy	100 Years since the Death of Giovanni Pascoli[145]	15 million coins	18 July 2012
	Description: In the centre of the coin the effigy of Giovanni Pascoli is depicted. Under his effigy there is the inscription G. PASCOLI. On the right part of the coin there is the yearmark (2012) and under of it the Italian monogramm (RI). On the left part of the coin the year when Pascoli died is minted (1912) and under of it there is the mint mark and the designer's mark. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.
[231]	Malta	1887 Majority Representation Second of the constitutional history series[145]	455,000 coins	20 August 2012
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts eight men in front of the Maltese Parliament, in Valleta. On the upper part of the coin the legend MALTA – Majority Representation 1987 is inscripted.On the lower part of the coins the year of the coinage(2012) is minted. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[155]
	Finland[156]	150 Years Helene Schjerfbeck	2 million coins	5 October 2012
	Description: The design shows a stylised self-portrait of the artist with the text Helene SCHJERFBECK on the left and the yearmarks 1862-1946 on the right. Left on the lower side of the coin are the yearmark 2012 and the country's reference FI. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[157]
[232]	Vatican City	7th World Meeting of Families[145]	115,000 coins	16 October 2012
	Description: The inner ring features a family with the Cathedral of Milan. The inscription 'VII INCONTRO MONDIALE DELLE FAMIGLIE' surrounds the design, forming a semi-circle which is complemented at the upper right side by the name of the issuing state 'CITTÁ DEL VATICANO'. The year 2012 appears on the right side and the name of the artist 'G. TITOTTO' followed by the indication of the engraver 'LDS Inc' is displayed on the left side. The mintmark 'R' appears at the bottom of the design, between the mother and the child.[158]
[233]	Luxembourg	Royal Wedding of Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg to Countess Stéphanie de Lannoy	512,000 coins	19 December 2012[159]
	Description: The coin depicts on the left hand of its inner part the effigy of His Royal Highness, the Grand-Duke Henri, and the right hand of its inner part the effigy of the Heir Grand-Duke Guillaume superimposed on the effigy of the Countess Stéphanie. The texts "PRËNZENHOCHZAÏT" and "LËTZEBUERG" and the year-date "2012", flanked by the mintmark and the initials of the Mint master, appear at the bottom of the inner part of the coin. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[160]

2012 commonly issued coin

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	European Union	10th Anniversary of Euro coins and banknotes	90,146,867 coins	2 January – 30 March 2012
	Description: The euro sign in the centre of the coin's design symbolizes that the euro has become an element of particular importance in Europe as well as all over the world as it evolved into a global player in the international monetary system in the last ten years. The design elements around the euro sign express the importance of the euro to the people, to the financial world (ECB tower), to trading (ships), to industry (factories), to the energy sector and research and development (wind power stations). The design was created by Helmut Andexlinger (designer at the Austrian Mint). The artist's initials AH appear below the image of the ECB tower. The name of the issuing country in the national language(s) appears at the top (with the exception for Belgium, where it states "BE"), while the years 2002–2012 appear at the bottom. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[161]
Image	Country		Volume	Date
	Austria		11 million coins	2 January 2012
	Inscription: REPUBLIK ÖSTERREICH
	Estonia		2 million coins	2 January 2012
	Inscription: EESTI
	Germany		31,065,000 coins	2 January 2012
	Inscription: BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND
	Greece		1 million coins	2 January 2012
	Inscription: ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ
	Slovakia		1 million coins	2 January 2012
	Inscription: SLOVENSKO
	Spain		4 million coins	2 January 2012
	Inscription: ESPAÑA
	Ireland		1,354,867 coins	3 January 2012
	Inscription: ÉIRE
	Slovenia		1 million coins	3 January 2012
	Inscription: SLOVENIJA
	France		10,020,000 coins	5 January 2012
	Inscription: RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE
	Finland		1,500,000 coins	12 January 2012
	Inscription: SUOMI FINLAND
	Belgium		5,022,000 coins	30 January 2012
	Inscription: BE
	Luxembourg		535,000 coins	31 January 2012
	Inscription: LËTZEBUERG
	As with the previous common commemorative coins, an obligatory latent image of Grand Duke Henri was added to the Luxembourgish edition. The portrait is located in the same space as the euro sign and the surrounding globe.
	Cyprus		1 million coins	13 February 2012
	Inscription: ΚΥΠΡΟΣ KIBRIS
	Netherlands		3,500,000 coins	13 February 2012
	Inscription: NEDERLAND
	Portugal		520,000 coins	24 February 2012[162]
	Inscription: PORTUGAL
	Italy		15 million coins	20 March 2012
	Inscription: REPUBBLICA ITALIANA
	Malta		500,000 coins	30 March 2012
	Inscription: MALTA
The final design of the coin was chosen by electronic voting.[163] The winner was Helmut Andexlinger, a professional designer from the Austrian Mint.[164]

2013 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[234]	Germany	50 Years of Franco-German Friendship (Élysée Treaty)[165]	11 million coins	22 January 2013
	Description: The coin, which was designed by Yves Sampo of the Monnaie de Paris, Stefanie Lindner of the Berlin State Mint, Alina Hoyer (Berlin) and Sneschana Russewa-Hoyer (Berlin), depicts stylised portraits of the Élysée Treaty's signatories (the then-Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Konrad Adenauer and the former President of the French Republic Charles de Gaulle), their signatures and the words "50 ANS JAHRE" with the year "2013" in the centre, the words "TRAITÉ DE L'ÉLYSÉE" at the top and the words "ÉLYSÉE-VERTRAG" at the bottom. The right side of the inner part also features the mint mark of the respective mint ("A", "D", "F", "G" or "J") as well as the issuing country's code "D".[166]
[235]	France	50 Years of Franco-German Friendship(Élysée Treaty)[165]	10,020,000 coins	22 January 2013
	Description: The coin, which was designed by Yves Sampo of the Monnaie de Paris, Stefanie Lindner of the Berlin State Mint, Alina Hoyer (Berlin) and Sneschana Russewa-Hoyer (Berlin), depicts stylised portraits of the Élysée Treaty's signatories (the then-Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Konrad Adenauer and the former President of the French Republic Charles de Gaulle), their signatures and the words '50 ANS JAHRE' with the year '2013' in the centre, the words 'TRAITÉ DE L'ÉLYSÉE' at the top and the words 'ÉLYSÉE-VERTRAG' at the bottom. The right side of the inner part features the mint mark as well as the issuing country's code 'RF' and the left side features the 'fleurette', hallmark of the engraving workshop.[167]
[236]	Germany	Maulbronn Abbey in Baden-Württemberg. Eighth of the Bundesländer series	30 million coins	1 February 2013
	Description: Maulbronn Monastery, founded 1147 by Cistercians, is the best-preserved medieval monastery complex in Europe. The coin, which was designed by Eugen Ruhl, presents the interior of the fountain house or lavatorium, besides the western facade of the convent church with its atrium, named paradise. Since 1993 the monastery is part of the Unesco World Heritage.
[237]	Slovenia	800 Years since the Discovery of the Postojna Cave[168]	1 million coins	4 February 2013
	Description: The central image of the coin is a stylised spiral, which at the left side of the coin begins with inscription 'POSTOJNSKA JAMA • 1213–2013 • SLOVENIJA' and ends with two stylised speleothems.[169]
[238]	Netherlands	The announcement of the abdication of the throne by Her Majesty Queen Beatrix	20 million coins	7 February 2013
	Description: The design depicts on the foreground the effigy of Queen Beatrix and on the background, partly covered by the effigy of the Queen, the effigy of the Prince of Orange. The circumscription around both effigies reads: WILLEM-ALEXANDER PRINS VAN ORANJE (crown symbol) BEATRIX KONINGIN DER NEDERLANDEN (mint mark) 28 januari 2013 (mint master mark). The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[170]
[239]	Spain	Monastery and Site of the Escorial, Madrid. Fourth of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites series	8 million coins	2 March 2013
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts a view of the San Lorenzo del Escorial Monastery. On the upper side, in circular sense and with capital letters, the name of the issuing country 'ESPANA'. At the right hand side, the year of issuance '2013' and the mint mark. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[171]
[240]	Italy	200th Years since the Birth of Giuseppe Verdi	10 million coins	20 May 2013
	Description: The design shows the bust of Giuseppe VERDI in three quarter view facing left; on the left, superimposed letters of the Italian Republic monogram 'RI'/1813; on the right, R (monogram of the Mint of Rome)/2013; in exergue, MCC (monogram of the Author Maria Carmela COLANERI)/G. VERDI. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[172]
[241]	France	150th Anniversary since the Birth of Pierre de Coubertin	1,020,000 coins	3 June 2013
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts the face of Pierre de Coubertin still young. Stylised Olympic rings form the background. They provide the framework for silhouettes symbolising the Olympic sports. At the left, the indication of the issuing country 'RF' and the year '2013'. At the top, the inscription 'PIERRE DE COUBERTIN' in semi-circle. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[173]
[242]	Vatican City	Sede vacante	125,000 coins	3 June 2013
	Description: The design features the coat of arms of the Cardinal Camerlengo and above it the symbol of the Apostolic Camera, two small crosses, the words 'CITTÀ DEL VATICANO' at the left and 'SEDE VACANTE MMXIII' at the right. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[174]
[243]	Monaco	20th Anniversary of its Accession to the ONU on 28 May 1993	1,249,131 coins	17 June 2013
	Description: The coin depicts a dove with an olive branch, with in the middle of the arc, on the left side the cornucopia, and on the right side the punch, as the workshop Paris Mint mark. At the top, in semi-circle, the indication of the issuing country 'MONACO' and at the bottom, in semi-circle, the inscription '1993 ADMISSION À L'ONU 2013'. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[175]
[244]	Portugal	250th Anniversary of the Clérigos Tower, Porto	525,000 coins	20 June 2013
	Description: The Baroque church of the clergy was built between 1732 and 1750, its monumental tower from 1754 to 1763, by the Italian architect Nicolau Nasoni. The 75,6 metres high tower is dominating the city and became its symbol. The coin, designed by Hugo Maciel, also presents the impressive Dom Luis Bridge across the Douro. Opened in 1886, it is also part of Porto's Historic Center and, since 1996, UNESCO World Heritage site.
[245]	Malta	Establishment of Self-Government in 1921 Third of the Constitutional History series	542,500 coins	24 June 2013
	Description: The designs shows a map of the Maltese islands and a representation of the population. At the bottom of the design, the year '2013'. At the top, in semi-circle, the words 'MALTA — Self-government 1921'. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[176]
[246]	Slovakia	1150 years from the Byzantine Advent of advent of the Mission of Constantine and Methodius to the Great Moravia.	1 million coins	5 July 2013
	Description: The design depicts the Thessalonian brothers Constantine and Methodius along with the symbolic double cross stood on three hills. The cross is at the same time held as a Bishop's crozier, thereby linking together symbols of statehood and Christianity and emphasising the significance of the brothers' mission, which helped ensure the full sovereignty and legitimacy of Great Moravia — the first Slav state in central Europe. The figure of Constantine is holding a book representing education and faith, while Methodius is shown with a church symbolising faith and institutional Christianity. Along the lower edge of the inner part of the coin is the name of the issuing country 'SLOVENSKO', the year '863' and the year '2013', with a dividing mark between each. Along the upper edge of the inner part are the names 'KONŠTANTÍN' and 'METOD'. To the left of the brothers are the stylised letters 'mh', the initials of the coin's designer Miroslav Hric, and to the right is the mint mark of the Kremnica Mint, comprising the letters 'MK' placed between two dies. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[177]
[247]	Italy	700th Birthday of Giovanni Boccaccio	10 million coins	25 July 2013
	Description: The design shows the head of Giovanni BOCCACCIO in three quarter view facing right, drawn from the fresco by Andrea del Castagno, around 1450 c. (Florence, Galleria degli Uffizi); around, on the bottom, BOCCACCIO 1313 2013; on the right, superimposed letters R (monogram of the Mint of Rome)/RI(monogram of Italian Republic)/m (monogram of the Author Mauri). The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[178]
2013 Finland	Finland	150th Anniversary of the Parliament of 1863 when regular parliament sessions started in Finland	1 million coins	4 September 2013
	Description: The 2-euro commemorative coin is depicted with the year 1863 and a shoot growing out of it symbolising the start of democracy and Finland's development. In semicircle, at the bottom, the name of the issuing country 'SUOMI FINLAND' with the two words separated by the mint mark, and the year '2013'. The Diet of 1863 is the start of period of illumination. In Finland, the year 1863 marked a start for genuine democracy, transparent press operations and the right to use the Finnish language. With the beginning of regular meetings of the Diet, the opportunities of Finns to influence affairs in their own country improved in an unprecedented way. The year marked the beginning of a period of illumination for Finnish democracy. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[179]
[248]	San Marino	500th Anniversary of the Death of Pinturicchio	115 000 coins	13 September 2013
	Description: In the foreground, the fresco 'Christ among the doctors'; in the lower part, the inscription 'SAN MARINO' in semi-circle; to the left, the letter 'R', which is the Italian mint mark; below the fresco, the name of the author 'MOMONI'; above the fresco, the inscription 'PINTURICCHIO' in semi-circle with the years '1513' and '2013' below it. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[180]
[249]	Belgium	100 Years of Royal Meteorological Institute	2,010,000 coins	18 September 2013
	Description: The obverse of the coin displays in its centre the number 100 with the first zero encircling the abbreviations 'KMI' and 'IRM' and the second zero representing a sun. Isobars, raindrops and snowflakes are depicted to the left of the sun. The year '2013' is displayed in the upper rays of the sun and the nationality 'BE' is indicated in the lower rays. The mark of the mint master and the mark of the Brussels mint, a helmeted profile of the Archangel Michael, are displayed under the '1' of the number '100'. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[181]
[250]	Greece	2400th Anniversary of the Founding of the Platonic Academy	754,000 coins	1 October 2013
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows the profile of Plato, the founder of the Platonic Academy. On the left side of the coin is depicted the Greek inscription 2400 ΧΡΟΝΙΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΙΔΡΥΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΑΚΑΔΗΜΙΑΣ ΠΛΑΤΩΝΟΣ (2400 years since the founding of the Platonic Academy) and the name of the issuing country (ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ) in ancient Greek font. The mint mark and the year mark 2013 are to the right. On the bottom is the monogram ΣΤΑΜ of the author G. Stamatopoulos. The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[182]
[251]	Greece	100th Anniversary of the Union of Crete with Greece	754,000 coins	1 October 2013
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts Cretan rebels raising the Greek flag, a symbolic representation of Crete's struggle for Union with Greece. On the upper side, in circular sense and with capital letters the name of the issuing country 'Hellenic Republic' in Greek. Underneath the words: '100 years of the union of Crete with Greece' in Greek. On the right: '1913-2013' and the monogram of the Greek Mint. In exergue, 'ΣΤΑΜ' (monogram of the author G. Stamatopoulos). The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[183]
[252]	Vatican City	28th World Youth Day - Rio de Janeiro	94,000 coins	15 October 2013
	Description: The design features the most known monument of Rio de Janeiro, the 'Christ of Corcovado' and some young people around the statue. At the top, in semi-circle, the inscription 'XXVIII G.M.G. CITTÀ DEL VATICANO RIO 2013'. At the right, the mintmark 'R' and the name of the artist 'P DANIELE'. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[184]
[253]	Luxembourg	National Anthem of the Grand Duchy	719,500 coins	16 October 2013
	Description: The coin depicts on the right hand of its inner part the effigy of His Royal Highness, the Grand Duke Henri, looking to the left, and on the left hand of its inner part the musical notation as well as the text of the national anthem. The text 'Ons Heemecht' appears at the top of the inner part and the name of the issuing country 'LËTZEBUERG' as well as the year-date '2013', flanked by the mint mark and the initials of the mint master, appear at the bottom of the inner part of the coin. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[185]
2013 Finland2	Finland	125th Anniversary of the Birth of Nobel Prize winning Author Frans Eemil Sillanpää	1,500,000 coins	4 November 2013
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts Sillanpää's portrait. At the top, in semi-circle, the words 'F. E. SILLANPÄÄ'. At the left, the year '1888' and the mint mark. At the right, the year '1964', the indication of the issuing country 'FI' and the year of issuance '2013'. This is a special coin to commemorate the grandfather of a whole nation. F. E. SILLANPÄÄ was a master of style who brought deep insights about the relationship between people and nature into Finnish literature. He was awarded the Nobel prize in 1939 based in particular on the works Meek Heritage and The Maid Silja. This masterful author gained even more national renown with his popular radio appearances and memorable Christmas columns. After the war years, the master writer evolved into the long-bearded 'Taata', the unofficial grandfather to the country. From recollections of his childhood Christmases emerged a well-loved tradition: Grandpa gathered the whole nation devoutly around their radios with his easy-going Christmas 'talks'. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[186]
[254]	Netherlands	200th Anniversary of the Kingdom of the Netherlands	3,500,000 coins	25 November 2013
	Description: The inner part of the design shows a continuing ribbon that starts from the outside depicting the effigy of King Willem-Alexander and continues to depict the effigies of his six predecessors: Queen Beatrix, Queen Juliana, Queen Wilhelmina, King Willem III, King Willem II and King Willem I. The effigies are surrounded by the inscription 'Willem-Alexander Koning der Nederlanden' followed by the Royal Dutch mintmark, the mint master mark, the year 2013, the initials of the designer and at the left side of the effigies the inscription '200 jaar Koninkrijk der Nederlanden'. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[187]

2014 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[255]	Luxembourg	175th Anniversary of the Foundation of Luxembourg's Independence	519,500 coins	6 January 2014
	Description: The coin depicts on the right hand side of its inner part the effigy of His Royal Highness, the Grand-Duke Henri, looking to the right, and on the left hand side of its inner part, vertically positioned, the years '1839' and '2014' and the name of the issuing country 'LËTZEBUERG'. The inscriptions 'ONOFHÄNGEGKEET' and '175 Joër' appear at the bottom of the inner part of the coin. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[188]
[256]	Germany	St. Michael's Church in Hildesheim, Lower Saxony. Ninth of the Bundesländer series	30,824,300 coins	7 February 2014
	Description: The portroyal of Saint Michael Church in Hildesheim. At the top, on the left, the year 2014. At the bottom, bas, la legend NIEDERSACHSEN and the initial of the issuing country D (for Deutschland). The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.
[257]	Spain	Park Güell, Work of Antoni Gaudí. Fifth of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites series	8,094,000 coins	7 February 2014
	Description: The coin depicts in the foreground a lizard sculpture which is the Park Güell emblem and was designed by the architect Antoni Gaudí. As background a detail of one of the pavilions situated at the Park Güell entrance. At the top, in circular sense and in capital letters the words 'ESPAÑA' and 'PARK GÜELL — GAUDÍ'. At the left the year of issuance '2014' and at the right the mintmark. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[189]
[258]	Italy	200th Anniversary of the Carabinieri	6,525,000 coins	25 March 2014
	Description: The design shows a reinterpretation of the sculpture ‘Pattuglia di Carabinieri nella tormenta’ made in 1973 by Antonio Berti; on the right, superimposed letters of the Italian Republic monogram ‘RI’/2014; on the left, 1814; up, superimposed letters R (monogram of the Mint of Rome); in exergue, LDS (monogram of the Author Luciana De Simoni)/CARABINIERI. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[190]
[259]	Slovakia	10 Years of Slovakian Membership in European Union.	1 million coins	1 April 2014
	Description: At the centre of the national side are the stylised letters ‘EÚ’, as the abbreviation of the European Union, with the coat of arms of the Slovak Republic incorporated in the foreground. On the right-hand side of the inner part of the coin, in two lines, is the date of the Slovak Republic's accession to the European Union, ‘1.5.2004’, and immediately below it the year ‘2014’. Inscribed along the bottom edge of the inner part is the name of the issuing country, ‘SLOVENSKO’, while in a semi-circle along the upper edge is the inscription ‘10. VÝROČIE VSTUPU DO EURÓPSKEJ ÚNIE’. To the lower left is the mint mark of Kremnica Mint (composed of the letters ‘MK’ between two dies), and to the lower right are the stylised letters ‘MP’, the initials of the designer, Mária Poldaufová. The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.
[260]	Portugal	40 Years since the Carnation Revolution	520,000 coins	23 April 2014
	Description: The two curves represent the general shape of a carnation, the flower symbolizing the movement, which was also the origin of the revolution's name. The name of the issuing country 'PORTUGAL' and the Coat of Arms are inscribed on the top of the flower. The center of the image shows the date of the event '25 DE ABRIL' (25 April) and at the bottom is written the number of years past since the revolution '40 ANOS'(40 years) and the year of issuance '2014'. The shape of the letters and numbers is inspired on those used in posters and other political information supports 40 years ago, as a symbol of the euphoric period lived right after the event. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[191]
[261]	Belgium	100 Years since the Beginning of World War I	1,750,000 coins	12 May 2014
	Description: : The coin’s central field depicts a poppy above the years 2014-18. Below these years appears the inscription ‘The Great War Centenary’, under which are the signature mark of the Master of the Mint and the mark of the Brussels mint, a helmeted profile of the archangel Michael. The top of the central field features the trilingual inscription ‘BELGIE — BELGIQUE — BELGIEN’. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[192]
[262]	Netherlands	King Willem-Alexander and Princess Beatrix	5,291,000 coins	22 May 2014
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts the effigies of both the King Willem-Alexander and the former Queen Beatrix. At the left, in semi-circle, the inscription ‘WILLEM-ALEXANDER KONING DER NEDERLANDEN’ and at the right, in semi-circle, the inscription ‘BEATRIX PRINSES DER NEDERLANDEN’. Between the two inscriptions, at the top, the crown symbol and at the bottom the mint master mark, the mint mark and in between the year of issuance ‘2014’. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[193]
[263]	Malta	Independence from Britain in 1964	432,500 coins	3 June 2014 (sets) 29 October 2014 (rolls)
	Description: The coin commemorating the Malta Independence constitution of 1964 is the fourth in the series of five coins that commemorate constitutional milestones in Maltese history. By means of the 1964 constitution Malta became an independent nation for the first time after hundreds of years of foreign domination. The national side of the coin shows a detail of the bronze monument commemorating Independence which was designed by the artist Gianni Bonnici in 1989. It shows a young woman, representing Malta, carrying the Maltese flag. At the right, in semi-circle the inscription MALTA — Independence 1964 and at the bottom the year of issuance 2014. The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.
[264]	France	70 Years since D-Day	3,020,000 coins	11 June 2014
	Description: In the coin’s central field the word D-DAY is written in such a way as to depict a landing craft and a tank gun barrel. The years 1944-2014 appear above the tank gun, with the inscription ‘70e anniversaire du débarquement’ (70th anniversary of the landings) further down. The distinctive footprints left by the boots worn by American, British and Canadian troops are gradually disappearing in the sand, washed away by a wave. The words of a poem by Verlaine used as a code for the start of the landings are engraved on the wave: ‘Les sanglots longs des violons de l’automne blessent mon coeur d’une langueur monotone’ (the long sobs of the violins of autumn wound my heart with a monotonous languor). The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[194]
[265]	Finland	100 Years since the Birth of Tove Jansson	1,500,000 coins	16 June 2014
	Description: The inner part of the coin depicts Tove Jansson’s portrait. Under the portrait the signature ‘Tove Jansson’ and the years ‘1914-2001’. At the left the indication of the issuing country ‘FI’. At the right the year of issuance ‘2014’ and the mint mark. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[195]
[266]	Italy	450th Years since the Birth of Galileo Galilei	6,500,000 coins	17 June 2014 (sets) 21 November 2014 (rolls)
	Description:The design shows the head of Galileo Galilei from the painting of Justus Sustermans, 1636 (Florence, Galleria degli Uffizi); around, upside, GALILEO GALILEI; on the right, superimposed letters R (monogram of the Mint of Rome)/astronomic telescope/C.M. (monogram of the Author Claudia Momoni); on the left, superimposed letters of the Italian Republic monogram ‘RI’; in exergue 1564-2014. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[196]
[267]	San Marino	500th Anniversary since the Death of Donato Bramante	114,000 coins	23 June 2014
	Description: The effigy of Bramante Tempietto to the right of the Church of San Pietro in Montorio, Rome, somewhat exceeding the outline of a rectangle surrounded by the years 1514 and 2014. The legend BRAMANTE LAZZARI DELLE PENNE DI SAN MARINO (Bramante Lazzari feathers San Marino) surrounds the drawing. The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.
[268]	Malta	200th Anniversary of the Malta Police Force	300,000 coins	16 July 2014
	Description: The coin commemorates the 200th anniversary of the Malta Police Force which was set up by means of proclamation XXII of 1814. Thus the Malta Police Force is one of the oldest in Europe. The national side of the coin depicts the badge of the Malta Police Force with the legend ‘200 Years Malta Police Force’ and the dates 1814-2014. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[197]
	Latvia	Riga, European Capital of Culture 2014	1,005,000 coins	12 August 2014
	Description: The central image of the coin shows the skyline of Riga and the historic centre of the city that has been included in the list of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Depicted are, from left to right: St. John's Church, St. James's Cathedral, Three-Stars-Tower of Riga Castle, St. Peter's Church and Riga Cathedral. At the top of the image, the inscription 'EIROPAS KULTŪRAS GALVASPILSĒTA' (European Capital of Culture) and at the bottom the name of the celebrated city and the year of issuance 'RĪGA — 2014', and underneath the indication of the issuing country 'LV'. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[198]
[269]	Belgium	150 Years Belgium Red Cross	287,500 coins	18 September 2014
	Description: The inner part of the coin features a cross with the number ‘150’ in its centre. The vertical and horizontal bars of the cross bear the words ‘Rode Kruis’ and ‘Croix-Rouge’ respectively. The cross is surrounded by the mark of the Brussels mint (a helmeted profile of the archangel Michael), the signature mark of the Master of the Mint, the year 2014, and the country code ‘BE’. The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[199]
[270]	Greece	400 Years since the Death of El Greco	754,000 coins	24 September 2014
	Description: The inner part of the coin shows a portrait of Domenikos Theotokopoulos. The background features a typical figure from his work, illustrative of his technique. On the left: the year 2014 and the characteristic signature of the artist (‘Domenikos Theotokopoulos Epoiei’). On the right: the mint mark of the Greek State Mint. The entire design is encircled in an inscription reading in Greek ‘DOMENIKOS THEOTOKOPOULOS 1541-1614’ (‘ΔΟΜΗΝΙΚΟΣ ΘΕΟΤΟΚΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ 1541-1614’) and the name of the issuing country ‘HELLENIC REPUBLIC’(‘ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ’). The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[200]
[271]	Greece	150th Anniversary of the Union of the Ionian Islands with Greece	754,000 coins	24 September 2014
	Description: The 'Seven Point Star' symbolizes the "Ionian Dimension" ("Ιόνια Διάσταση"): the 'Group of Seven Islands' ("Ἑπτάνησα" / Eptanisa) in the Ionian Sea bore and inspired outstanding representatives in the fields of art, important musicians, poets, painters and politicians. Clockwise from top, the visuals symbolize the following islands: — Corfu's emblem is the "apēdalos naus" ("Άπήδαλος Nαῦς": ship without steering gear), as great nautical powers were attributed to the island and its sailors were well known for their nautical abilities and skills since ancient times — Zakynthos is represented by the sacrificial tripod of Apollo — Ithaca: Odysseus is depicted with the anciant hat Pileus — Paxi's emblem is a trident: according to a mythological tale, it was created when Poseidon hit the island of Corfu with his trident, splitting it in two — Kythira, the island of celestial Aphrodite, depicted on a scallop, symbolizing her 'emergence from the sea' — Lefkada is represented by the 'Apollonian harp' ("Απολλώνια Άρπα"), symbol for its great musical tradition — Cephalonia's emblem is its mythical - eponymous - hero Cephalus. The coin was designed by Maria Andonatou, whose signet is depicted at lower left.[201]
[272]	San Marino	90th Anniversary since the Death of Giacomo Puccini	100,000 coins	29 September 2014
	Description: The effigy of Giacomo Puccini surrounded on the left by the name G. PUCCINI and, on the right, the name of the issuing country SAN MARINO. The year 2014 is placed at the bottom left. The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.
[273]	Vatican City	25 Years since the Fall of the Berlin Wall	103,000 coins	14 October 2014
	Description: The design depicts some bricks of the partially collapsed Berlin Wall in the foreground, with the wording "XXV ANNIVERSARIO DEL CROLLO DEL MURO DI BERLINO 1989 2014"(25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall 1989 2014) written within the bricks. An olive branch can be seen in the centre, in a gap between the bricks and a piece of barbed wire, and the Brandenburg Gate appears in the background. At the top, the words "CITTA DEL VATICANO" are inscribed. The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.
[274]	Portugal	International Year of Family Farming	520,000 coins	31 October 2014
	Description: On the central part of the design are represented tools typically used in the traditional agriculture, together with farming products: a chicken in the center, surrounded by pumpkins, a basket of potatoes, and other vegetables and flowers. On the left side, in semi-circle, the subject of the commemoration 'AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR' (Family Farming) and on the right side, in semi-circle, the name of the issuing country 'PORTUGAL' followed by the year of issuance '2014'. At the bottom left the mintmark 'INCM'. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[202]
[275]	Luxembourg	50th Anniversary of Grand Duke Jean Accession to the Throne	510,000 coins	6 November 2014
	Description: The coin’s inner part depicts the effigies of Their Royal Highnesses, the Grand-Duke Henri and the Grand-Duke Jean, both looking to the left. It is surmounted by the year ‘1964’ above the effigy of the Grand-Duke Jean and by a crown. At the bottom, the names ‘Jean’ and ‘Henri’ appear below the respective effigy as well as the year ‘2014’. The inscription ‘50e ANNIVERSAIRE DE L’ACCESSION AU TRÔNE DU GRAND-DUC JEAN’ encloses in circular form the upper inner part of the coin. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[203]
[276]	Finland	100 Years since the Birth of Ilmari Tapiovaara	1 million coins	10 November 2014
	Description: The left inner part of the design shows Ilmari Tapiovaara’s name and years. The right inner part of the design depicts a close-up from the furniture fitting characteristic for Ilmari Tapiovaara. At the right the indication of the issuing country "FI", the mint mark and the year of issuance "2014". The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.
[277]	Slovenia	600th Anniversary since the Coronation of Barbara of Celje	1 million coins	17 November 2014[204]
	Description: The central image of the coin shows, with lined pattern, the portrait of the Queen Barbara of Celje with her sceptre. On the image are placed three typical six-pointed stars of Celje counts. On the left side of the portrait is the inscription 'SLOVENIJA' and on the right side the inscription 'BARBARA CELJSKA' and the years '1414-2014'. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[205]
[278]	France	World AIDS Day	3 million coins	24 November 2014
	Description: The red ribbon, symbolising the fight against AIDS, is featured in the coin’s central field. The ribbon was created by the Visual AIDS Artists Caucus and the US painter Frank Moore. It should be worn close to the heart to symbolise solidarity with AIDS sufferers and is in the shape of an upside-down V. The idea is for it to be worn as a V one day to signify victory over the disease. There are three ribbons in the central field. One is in the conventional position and will be coloured red for the brilliant uncirculated (BU) and proof (PRF) versions. The other two ribbons are inverted and associated with two Vs to strengthen the symbolism of the much-hoped-for victory over the disease. The date 1 December, Unesco World AIDS Day, appears at the top of the central field. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[206]
[279]	Spain	King Felipe VI's Succession to the Throne	12 million coins	10 December 2014
	Description: The design depicts the overlapping portraits of Kings Felipe VI and Juan Carlos I. At the bottom the name of the issuing country and the year of issuance: "ESPAÑA — 2014". At the right, the mint mark. The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.
[280]	Andorra	20 Years in the Council of Europe	105,000 coins	March 2015
	Description:

2015 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[281]	Germany	Paulskirche in Frankfurt am Main. Tenth of the Bundesländer series	30,765,000 coins	30 January 2015
	Description:
[282]	Germany	25 years of German Unity	30,500,000 coins	30 January 2015
	Description:
[283]	France	70 Years of Peace in Europe	4,020,000 coins	30 January 2015
	Description: On the coin’s reverse, the dove is drawn in a graphical and modern way. It carries in its beak an olive branch whose branches have been replaced by the 12 stars of the European Flag, symbol of peace in Europe. The 28 countries of the European Union are symbolised by their own ISO code. The Europa Star logo is present on the reverse, close to the dove.
[284]	Spain	Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain. Sixth of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites series	8 million coins	30 January 2015
	Description:
[285]	Latvia	EU Presidency	1,025,000 coins	10 February 2015
	Description:An archetypal image of a millstone, the logo of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union, with the inscriptions LATVIJAS PREZIDENTŪRA ES PADOMĒ (Latvian Presidency of the Council of the EU) and EU2015.LV above and beneath it respectively.
[286]	Finland	150 Years since the Birth of Jean Sibelius	1 million coins	18 February 2015[207]
	Description: At the inner part of the coin is sky with stars, tree tops at the right. The text ‘JEAN SIBELIUS’ and the year of issuance ‘2015’ are placed at the left inner part of the coin. At the right is the indication of the issuing country ‘FI’ and the mint mark. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[208]
[287]	San Marino	750 Years since the Birth of Dante Alighieri	100,000 coins	8 April 2015
	Description:
[288]	Portugal	150 Years Portuguese Red Cross	520,000 coins	15 April 2015
	Description:
[289]	Italy	Universal Exposition Expo 2015 in Milan	3,525,000 coins	29 April 2015 (proof) 22 July 2015 (rolls)
	Description: The design depicts a composition symbolising the fertility of Earth: on a semicircle indicating the terrestrial sphere, a seed fed by the water waits to sprout; above the Earth, a vine, an olive twig and an ear grow from a tree trunk; around, the inscription ‘NUTRIRE IL PIANETA’; on the left the initials of the designer Maria Grazia Urbani, ‘MGU’; on the right, the monogram of Italian Republic ‘RI’ and ‘R’, identifying the Mint of Rome; in the middle, logo of the EXPO MILANO 2015. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[209]
[290]	Malta	100 Years since the first Flight from Malta	325,000 coins	25 May 2015
	Description:
[291]	Luxembourg	15th Anniversary of Grand Duke Henri Accession to the Throne	TBA	8 June 2015
	Description: The coin depicts their Royal Highnesses Grand Duke Henri and the Grand Duchess. The year of accession ‘2000’, the issuing country ‘Luxembourg’ and the year mark ‘2015’ appear above them. Below them appears the inscription ‘15e anniversaire de l’accession au trône de S.A.R. le Grand-Duc’ (15th anniversary of the accession to the throne of H.R.H. the Grand Duke). The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[210]
[292]	Malta	Proclamation of the Republic of Malta in 1974	435,000 coins	23 June 2015 (sets) September 2015 (rolls)
	Description:
	Italy	750 Years since the Birth of Dante Alighieri	3,515,000 coins	26 June 2015 (sets) 22 July 2015 (rolls)
	Description:
[293]	Portugal	500 Years since first Contact with Timor	520,000 coins	15 July 2015
	Description:The design depicts a 16th-century ship, representing the arrival of the Portuguese navigators to the island, and a local house thatched roof top, including the typical wood sculptures, permanent memories of myths and legends. The one depicted on the coin represents the history of the first inhabitants, who arrived by boat from other parts of the Asian continent and the importance of the horse to travel around the steep mountains which cover most of the island. At the top right, the year ‘1515’ and the name of the issuing country ‘PORTUGAL’. At the bottom left, the inscription ‘TIMOR’ and the year ‘2015’. At the bottom, the signature of the artist Fernando Fonseca. The coin's outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.[211]
[294]	France	225. Anniversary of Fête de la Fédération	4,020,000 coins	22 July 2015
	Description:
[295]	Belgium	European Year for Development	250,000 coins	17 September 2015
	Description:
[296]	San Marino	25 Years of German Unity	100,000 coins	29 September 2015
	Description:
[297]	Vatican City	VIII World Meeting of Families – Philadelphia 2015	122,000 coins	6 October 2015
	Description:
[298]	Luxembourg	125th Anniversary of the Nassau-Weilburg Dynasty	511,500 coins	15 October 2015
	Description:
[299]	Finland	150 Years since the Birth of Akseli Gallen-Kallela	500,000 coins	22 October 2015
	Description:
[300]	Slovakia	200th Years since the Birth of Ľudovít Štúr	1 million coins	23 October 2015
	Description:
[301]	Slovenia	2000th Anniversary of the Founding of Emona	1 million coins	9 November 2015
	Description:
[302]	Greece	75 Years since the Death of Spyridon Louis	750,000 coins	TBA
	Description:
[303]	Latvia	Protection of the stork	1,010,000 coins	TBA
	Description:
	Lithuania	Lithuanian Language	1 million coins	TBA
	Description:
[304]	Monaco	800th Anniversary of the Construction of the first Castle on the Rock 1215	10,000 coins	TBA
	Description:
	Netherlands	Coronation of William I of the Netherlands in 1815	TBA	TBA
	Description:

2015 commonly issued coin

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
[305]	European Union	30th Anniversary of the Flag of Europe		TBA
	Description: Twelve stars that morph into human figures are embracing the birth of a new Europe. The design shows the EU flag as a symbol that unites people and cultures with shared visions and ideals for a better common future.

2016 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	Germany	Zwinger Palace in Dresden. Eleventh of the Bundesländer series	30 million coins	January/February 2016
	Description:
[306]	Spain	Old City of Segovia and its Aqueduct. Seventh of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites series	8 million coins	February/March 2016
	Description:
[307]	Slovakia	Slovak Presidency of the Council of the European Union[212]	TBA	March 2016
	Description:
[308]	Austria	200th Anniversary of the Foundation of the National Bank of Austria	16 million coins	TBA
	Description:
[309]	Estonia	100 Years since the Birth of Paul Keres	500, 000 coins	January 2016
	Description:
	France	100 Years since the Birth of François Mitterrand	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	France	XV European Football Championship	TBA	TBA
	Description:
[310]	Ireland	100 Years since Easter Rising	TBA	TBA
	Description:
[311]	Latvia	Dairy Farming	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	Lithuania	Baltic Culture	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	Malta	Love, I Series "Children and Solidarity"	TBA	TBA
	Description:
[312]	Portugal	Portuguese Athletes participating in the 2016 Summer Olympics	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	Portugal	50 years since opened Lisbon "Salazar bridge"	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	San Marino	550 Years since the Death of Donatello	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	Belgium	Rio Olympic Games	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	Belgium	Child Focus	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	Finland	TBA	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	Finland	TBA	TBA	TBA
	Description:
	San Marino	400 Years since the Death of William Shakespeare	100,000 coins	8 April 2015
	Description:
[313]	Slovenia	25 Years of Independence	TBA	TBA
	Description:

2017 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	Slovakia	550 Years since the establishment of Academia Istropolitana[212]	TBA	January 2017
	Description:
	Germany	Porta Nigra in Trier. Twelfth of the Bundesländer series	TBA	January/February 2017
	Description:
	Lithuania	Vilnius city of culture	TBA	TBA
	Description:

2018 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	Germany	Charlottenburg Palace in Berlin. Thirteenth of the Bundesländer series	TBA	January/February 2018
	Description:
	Slovakia	100 Years since the End of World War I[212]	TBA	October 2018
	Description:
	Estonia	100 Years since the Formation of Estonian Republic	TBA	January/February 2018
	Description:

2019 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	Germany	Cathedral of Magdeburg. Fourteenth of the Bundesländer series	TBA	January/February 2019
	Description:
	Slovakia	100 Years since the Death of Milan Rastislav Štefánik[212]	TBA	April 2019
	Description:

2020 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	Germany	Wartburg Castle in Eisenach. Fifteenth of the Bundesländer series	TBA	January/February 2020
	Description:

2021 coinage

Image	Country	Feature	Volume	Date
	Germany	Sanssouci Palace in Potsdam. Sixteenth of the Bundesländer series	TBA	January/February 2021
	Description:

German Bundesländer series

Germany started the commemorative coin series Die 16 Bundesländer der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (The 16 States of the Federal Republic of Germany) in 2006, which will continue until 2021. The year in which the coin for a specific state is issued coincides with that state's Presidency of the Bundesrat.^[213] The coins issued are:

Year	Number	State	Design
2006	1	Schleswig-Holstein	Holstentor in Lübeck
2007	2	Mecklenburg-Vorpommern	Schwerin Castle
2008	3	Hamburg	St. Michaelis Church
2009	4	Saarland	Ludwigskirche in Saarbrücken
2010	5	Bremen	City Hall and Roland
2011	6	North Rhine-Westphalia	Cologne Cathedral
2012	7	Bavaria	Neuschwanstein Castle near Füssen
2013	8	Baden-Württemberg	Maulbronn Abbey
2014	9	Lower Saxony	St. Michael's Church in Hildesheim
2015	10	Hesse	Paulskirche in Frankfurt am Main

The other six coins will be issued in the following years; note that some designs are not yet finalised and still subject to change. Originally, the designs for the following states were different:^[213]

• Hamburg: Landungsbrücken
• Bremen: Bremen City Hall only (without the Bremen Roland)
• Bavaria: Munich Frauenkirche
• Baden-Württemberg: Heidelberg Castle
• Lower Saxony: Hanover New City Hall
• Hesse: Römer in Frankfurt am Main
• Berlin: Reichstag

Year	Number	State	Design
2016	11	Saxony	Zwinger Palace in Dresden
2017	12	Rhineland-Palatinate	Porta Nigra in Trier
2018	13	Berlin	Charlottenburg Palace
2019	14	Saxony-Anhalt	Cathedral of Magdeburg
2020	15	Thuringia	Wartburg Castle in Eisenach
2021	16	Brandenburg	Sanssouci Palace in Potsdam

The series is similar to the United States' 50 State Quarters series, which saw fifty coins issued for its fifty constituent states, five per year between 1999 and 2008. A separate program saw six coins issued in 2009 for the District of Columbia and five territories of the United States.

Luxembourgish Grand-Ducal Dynasty series

Year	Number	Dukes Depicted	Design
2004	1	Grand Duke Henri	The effigy Grand Duke Henri and his monogramm
2005	2	Grand Duke Henri and Grand Duke Adolphe	The effigies of Grand Duke Henri and Grand Duke Adolphe
2006	3	Grand Duke Henri and Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg	The effigies of Grand Duke Henri and Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg
2007	4	Grand Duke Henri	The effigy Grand Duke Henri and the Grand Ducal Palace, Luxembourg
2008	5	Grand Duke Henri	The effigy Grand Duke Henri and Berg Castle
2009	6	Grand Duke Henri and Grand Duchess Charlotte	The effigies of Grand Duke Henri and Grand Duchess Charlotte
2010	7	Grand Duke Henri	The effigy Grand Duke Henri and the emblem of the Grand Duke
2011	8	Grand Duke Henri, Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg	The effigies of Grand Duke Henri, Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
2012	9	Grand Duke Henri and William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg	The effigies of Grand Duke Henri, William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and the outline of Luxembourg.
2012	10	Wedding of Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, and Countess Stéphanie de Lannoy	The effigies of Grand Duke Henri, Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Stéphanie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Luxembourg
2013	11	Grand Duke Henri	The effigy Grand Duke Henri and the National Anthem of the Grand Duchy
2014	12	Grand Duke Henri	The effigy Grand Duke Henri
2014	13	Grand Duke Henri and Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg	The effigies of Grand Duke Henri and Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Maltese constitutional history series

^[214] Malta issued a series of five €2 commemorative coins, all related to the Maltese constitutional history. The first coin was released in 2011 and the last coin was minted in 2015.^[215]

The five issued coins are:

Year	Number	Design
2011	1	First Election of Representatives in 1849
2012	2	Majority Representation in 1887
2013	3	Establishment of Self-Government in 1921[216]
2014	4	Independence from Britain in 1964[216]
2015	5	Proclamation of the Republic of Malta in 1974

Spanish UNESCO World Heritage Sites series

Spain started the commemorative coin series Patrimonio de la Humanidad de la UNESCO (UNESCO World Heritage) in 2010, commemorating all of Spain's UNESCO World Heritage Sites, which could continue until 2050. The order in which the coin for a specific site is issued coincides with the order in which they were declared a UNESCO World Heritage site.^[217] The coins issued are:

Year	Number	Design
2010	1	Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba, Historic Centre of Córdoba
2011	2	Patio de los Leones of the Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada
2012	3	Burgos Cathedral
2013	4	Monastery and Site of the Escorial, Madrid
2014	5	Works of Antoni Gaudí
2015	6	Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain

The coins planned to be issued in the coming years are:

Year	Number	Design
2016	7	Old city of Segovia and its aqueduct.
2017	8	Oviedo Cathedral.

References

External links

•  
•  
• "The Euro Information Website". 2007-04-07. Retrieved 2007-04-07. 
• "Euro images and much more". 2014-01-18. Retrieved 2014-01-18. 
• "overview of 2 Euro circulation coins, plus additional multilingual information". 2014-06-02. Retrieved 2014-06-02. 
• "euroHOBBY Website". 2010-10-10. Retrieved 2010-10-10. 

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